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It is now feasible to identify subcellular sites where oxidative stress reactions occur and to determine gene expression relevant to those complex pathways. In Oxidants and Antioxidants: Ultrastructure and Molecular Biology Protocols, a panel of world authorities present cutting-edge molecular and ultrastructure techniques for investigating the pathophysiology of oxidative stress. Described in step-by-step detail, these readily reproducible methods use the latest in immunodetection, X-ray diffraction, confocal microscopy, in situ hybridization, chemiluminescence, and cytofluorescence. Additional techniques take advantage of electron paramagnetic resonance, advanced glycation endproducts, Western blotting analysis, transcription factors, p47phox translocation, and microsphere delivery systems. The collection emphasizes the visual observation of free radicals or products altered by oxidative stress, and includes numerous in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro applications. Two companion volumes, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Antioxidant Protocols (2002), and Free Radical and Antioxidant Protocols (1998), focus on the related biochemical and cellular biological methods. Authoritative and highly practical, Oxidants and Antioxidants: Ultrastructure and Molecular Biology Protocols provides a comprehensive collection of powerful ultrastructure and molecular tools for the evaluation of metabolic disorders linked to oxidative stress and the aging process.

Biochemistry. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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The use of nucleic acid or gene probes as cloning or diagnostic tools has promoted significant advances in human genome mapping and in the isolation and manipulation of genes generally. In Gene Probes, Marilena Aquino de Muro and Ralph Rapley have brought together an outstanding collection of time-tested protocols for designing and using gene probes in a wide variety of applications. The applications covered range from searching for specific genes in the human chromosome to the detection of microorganisms and their toxins in the environment and in food samples, as well as in the diagnosis of human disease. Each cutting-edge method includes practical hints and tips and is described in step-by-step detail by an expert who not only routinely uses the technique, but has also optimized it for experimental success. Helpful tutorials explain the principles of gene probe design, labeling, detection, target formation, and hybridization conditions. Comprehensive and versatile, Gene Probes: Principles and Protocols provides a cutting-edge practical resource for all biochemists, microbiologists, and molecular biologists who are using this powerful new technology to advance medical, environmental, and food research today.

Biochemistry. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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Small GTPase binding proteins (GTPases) are an ancient group of proteins that play key roles in almost every aspect of cell biology, from cell proliferation to nuclear transport. In GTPase Protocols: The Ras Superfamily, Edward J. Manser and Thomas Leung have collected the key techniques currently in use to probe the function of these ubiquitous proteins both in vitro and in vivo. Presented in a format that ensures ready reproducibility by accomplished experimentalists who have refined the various methods in their laboratories, each technique includes step-by-step instructions, tips on avoiding pitfalls and troubleshooting, and ancillary notes explaining how to adapt each procedure in the event of problems. The methods cover the spectrum of core techniques required for the five major GTPase subfamilies (Ras, Rho, Rab, Arf, and Ran) and permit a diversity of applications ranging from structural studies on a GTPase to real time in vivo analysis. Timely and highly practical, GTPase Protocols: The Ras Superfamily illuminates the powerful techniques used by investigators today to study this special family of proteins that plays such important roles in human health and disease.

Biochemistry. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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Calcium-binding proteins play an important role in a variety of vital biological processes, ranging from blood clotting and signal transduction in cells, to attaching proteins to membranes and serving as an integral source of calcium. In Calcium-Binding Protocols- Volume 1: Reviews and Case Histories and Volume 2: Methods and Techniques-Hans Vogel and a panel of leading researchers review the protein chemistry and behavior of this significant class proteins, and provide a comprehensive collection of proven experimental techniques for studying it both in vitro and in vivo. This second volume focuses on cutting-edge experimental techniques for studying the solution structure, stability, dynamics, calcium-binding properties, and biological activity of calcium-binding protein in general. In addition to enzymatic assays and more routine spectroscopic and protein chemistry techniques, there are also NMR approaches, thermodynamic analyses, kinetic measurements such as surface plasmon resonance, strategies for amino acid sequence alignments, and fluorescence methods to study the distribution of calcium and calcium-binding proteins in cells. The first companion volume, Reviews and Case Histories sets the stage for this volume by introducing the various classes of intra- and extracellular calcium-binding proteins and their mode of action. Comprehensive and highly practical, the two volumes of Calcium-Binding Protocols provide experimental and clinical biologists with a host of advanced experimental methods that can be applied successfully to the study of both existing and newly discovered members of this critically important class of proteins.

Biochemistry. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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Carbohydrates. --- Organic chemistry. --- Physical chemistry. --- Biochemistry. --- Organic Chemistry. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Organic chemistry --- Composition