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Forest health --- Forests and forestry --- Pennsylvania

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The cradle of Jewish life in Philadelphia began with the establishment of the first synagogue, Mikveh Israel, in 1740. With the influx of many German Jews in the 1840s, the community expanded above Spring Garden Street into the Northern Liberties neighborhood. Urban settlement of Philadelphia's Jewish population during the last quarter of the nineteenth century shifted to North Broad Street when the economy improved for the city's residents after the Civil War. North Broad Street soon boasted two elegantly designed synagogues and the newly relocated Jewish Hospital from West Philadelphia.The Jewish Community around North Broad Street weaves the tale of the Jewish community in this part of Philadelphia through a collection of rare and stunning images. The construction of the North Broad Street subway in the 1920s and the row house Jewish community known as Logan are parts of this story. The development of business districts led to a more cohesive north and northwest Jewish community that allowed for satellite Jewish enclaves to flourish, complete with their own synagogues, bakeries, kosher meat markets, and hundreds of other shops that served the general population. In the 1950s, new neighborhoods, such as Mount Airy and West Oak Lane, alleviated an acute housing shortage at a time when 110,000 Jews lived in north-central and northwest Philadelphia.

Jews--Pennsylvania--Philadelphia--Social life and customs.

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Forest surveys --- Forests and forestry --- Internet resource --- Statistics --- Pennsylvania

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Since 1887 the University Museum has been one of the leading archaeology and anthropology museums in the world and has sponsored field research in every corner of the globe. A key outcome, from its first expedition to Nippur, in modern-day Iraq, through more than 300 expeditions in the past century, to its research in fifteen different countries today, has been a wealth of primary photographs capturing both expeditions and excavations and also images of modern peoples on every inhabited continent of our planet. These vintage photographs, carefully selected from hundreds of thousands, range from mundane record-keeping pictures to glorious aesthetic treats, and they are in demand by international scholars and students and researchers worldwide. One of the most powerful of media to convey information about-and to advance understanding of-foreign peoples and places is photography. Soldiers, missionaries, merchants, and other travelers carried out early anthropological photography in distant lands. Field photography was extremely difficult when the Museum began its research program in the late 1880's, requiring the transport of a complete dark room and other heavy equipment. The Museum's intrepid adventurers sought scientific accuracy, with no artifice that may have obscured the realism of the image. An engaging narrative essay highlighting the Museum's fieldwork explains the contexts of the range of photographs from the Museum's Archives and the role of photography in studying human cultures.

Ethnological museums and collections --- Archaeological museums and collections --- Ethnological expeditions --- Archaeological expeditions --- Photography in ethnology --- Photography in archaeology --- History --- History --- University of Pennsylvania. --- University of Pennsylvania. --- Photograph collections.

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The Early Childhood Initiative (ECI), launched in Pittsburgh in 1996 to provide high-quality early care and education services to at-risk children, failed to achieve its goals. This report summarizes ECI's organizational history and analyses and explains its critical weaknesses.

Child care services. --- Child care services - Pennsylvania - Allegheny County - Case studies. --- Children with social disabilities. --- Education, Preschool. --- Education, Preschool - Pennsylvania - Allegheny County - Case studies. --- Social Welfare & Social Work --- Social Sciences --- Child & Youth Development