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Ecological climatology is an interdisciplinary framework to understand the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems in the climate system. It examines the physical, chemical, and biological processes by which landscapes affect and are affected by climate. The central theme is that terrestrial ecosystems, through their cycling of energy, water, chemical elements, and trace gases, are important determinants of climate. The coupling between climate and vegetation is seen at spatial scales from stomata to vegetation geography and at time scales of near instantaneous to millennia. In particular, natural vegetation dynamics and human land uses and land management are important mechanisms of climate change. The boreal forest-tundra ecotone and the North African Sahel are examples of climate-ecosystem dynamics at the biogeographical spatial and temporal scale. Deforestation, desertification of drylands, cultivation of grasslands, reforestation following farm abandonment, and urbanization are case studies of how human uses of land alter climate.

551.58 --- Climatology --- Climatic changes. --- Plant ecophysiology. --- Vegetation and climate. --- Geografie --- Fysische geografie --- Klimaat --- (Klimatologie, Meteorologie, Klimaatsveranderingen) --- (Klimatologie, Meteorologie, Klimaatsveranderingen). --- 551.58 Climatology --- Climatic changes --- Plant ecophysiology --- Vegetation and climate --- Plant bioclimatology --- Plant biometeorology --- Plants --- Plants and climate --- Bioclimatology --- Environmental plant physiology --- Physiological plant ecology --- Plant physiological ecology --- Ecophysiology --- Plant ecology --- Plant physiology --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Climatic factors --- Effect of climate on --- Effect of climatic changes on --- Environmental aspects --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Global environmental change