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Excavations (Archaeology) --- Bergama (Turkey) --- Antiquities. --- Municipal water supply
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Water-supply --- Municipal water supply --- Eau --- Eau --- Management --- Management. --- Approvisionnement --- Gestion --- Approvisionnement urbain --- Gestion
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"Focusing attention on gravity-fed water-flow systems in medieval cities and monasteries, Water Technology in the Middle Ages: Cities, Monasteries, and Waterworks after the Roman Empire challenges the view that hydraulic engineering died with the Romans and remained moribund until the Renaissance. Roberta Magnusson explores the systems' technologies-how they worked, what uses the water served-and also the social rifts that created struggles over access to this basic necessity. Mindful of theoretical questions about what hastens technological change and how society and technology mutually influence one another, the author supplies a thoughtful and instructive study. Archeological, historical, and literary evidence vividly depicts those who designed, constructed, and used medieval water systems and demonstrates a shift from a public-administrative to a private-innovative framework-one that argues for the importance of local initiatives. " [Publisher]
Water-supply engineering --- Municipal water supply --- Monasteries --- Waterworks --- Middle Ages --- Moyen Age --- History --- Water-supply --- Histoire --- Middle Ages. --- History. --- Approvisionnement en eau --- Approvisionnement urbaine en eau --- Monastères --- Service des eaux --- Technique --- Histoire. --- Approvisionnement urbain en eau --- Monastères
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In the former Soviet Union, extensive networks were constructed to supply urban populations with clean, safe water. However, the networks were not well designed and this resulted in low quality water services and high operation and maintenance costs. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the condition of water infrastructure deteriorated more dramatically following sharp decreases in public budgets and the continued tradition of providing water services virtually free of charge. Without urgent action, the quality of services will continue to worsen and, in some of the New Independent States (NIS) of the former Soviet Union, may even collapse, with serious consequences for human health and economic activity. This volume analyses the causes underlying this dire situation and presents recommendations for addressing it which were adopted at a meeting of Economic/Finance and Environment Ministers held in Almaty, Kazakhstan, in October 2000. The meeting was organized within the framework of the EAP Task Force, with its Secretariat at OECD, and involved key stakeholders from the governmental and non-governmental sectors. The EAP Task Force will implement a focused programme of work guided by the main recommendations agreed by participants.
Municipal water supply -- Former Soviet republics -- Management. --- Water quality management -- Former Soviet republics. --- Water-supply -- Former Soviet republics -- Management. --- Water-supply --- Water quality management --- Municipal water supply --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Environmental Engineering --- Management --- Cities and towns --- Urban water --- Water, Municipal --- Water, Urban --- Water quality --- Water quality control --- Availability, Water --- Water availability --- Water resources --- Municipal engineering --- Sewage disposal --- Water conservation --- Natural resources --- Public utilities --- Water resources development --- Water utilities --- Management. --- Eau --- Approvisionnement --- Gestion --- Qualité --- Approvisionnement urbain --- Ecology
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Focusing attention on gravity-fed water-flow systems in mediaeval cities and monasteries, Roberta J. Magnusson challenges the view that hydraulic engineering died with the Romans and remained moribund until the Renaissance.
Water-supply engineering --- Municipal water supply --- Monasteries --- Waterworks --- Middle Ages. --- Dark Ages --- History, Medieval --- Medieval history --- Medieval period --- Middle Ages --- World history, Medieval --- World history --- Civilization, Medieval --- Medievalism --- Renaissance --- Water works --- Water-supply --- Cloisters (Religious communities) --- Friaries --- Church property --- Religious institutions --- Scriptoria --- Cities and towns --- Urban water --- Water, Municipal --- Water, Urban --- Municipal engineering --- Engineering, Water-supply --- Civil engineering --- Engineering --- Hydraulic engineering --- Water --- History. --- History --- Purification
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