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It is not uncommon to be frustrated by the outcome of an election or a decision in voting, law, economics, engineering, and other fields. Does this 'bad' result reflect poor data or poorly informed voters? Or does the disturbing conclusion reflect the choice of the decision/election procedure? Nobel Laureate Kenneth Arrow's famed theorem has been interpreted to mean 'no decision procedure is without flaws'. Similarly, Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen dashes hope for individual liberties by showing their incompatibility with societal needs. This highly accessible book offers a new, different interpretation and resolution of Arrow's and Sen's theorems. Using simple mathematics, it shows that these negative conclusions arise because, in each case, some of their assumptions negate other crucial assumptions. Once this is understood, not only do the conclusions become expected, but a wide class of other phenomena can also be anticipated.
Social choice. --- Decision making. --- Elections. --- Decision Making. --- Decision making --- Business, Economy and Management --- Economics --- Mathematical models. --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving
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Décision, Prise de --- Decision making. --- Decision making --- Prise de décision --- Logiciels --- Computer programs --- DecisionTools. --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Decision tools
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Tough Decisions places readers in realistic composites of cases the authors have actually seen or managed where they must make tough medical decisions.
Medical ethics --- Clinical medicine --- Decision making --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Medicine, Clinical --- Medicine --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Clinical Medicine. --- Decision Making. --- Ethics, Medical. --- Moral and ethical aspects.
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In Decision Space: Multidimensional Utility Analysis, first published in 2001, Paul Weirich increases the power and versatility of utility analysis and in the process advances decision theory. Combining traditional and novel methods of option evaluation into one systematic method of analysis, multidimensional utility analysis is a valuable tool. It provides formulations of important decision principles, such as the principle to maximize expected utility; enriches decision theory in solving recalcitrant decision problems; and provides in particular for the cases in which an expert must make a decision for a group of people. The multiple dimensions of this analysis create a decision space broad enough to accommodate all factors affecting an option's utility. The book will be of interest to advanced students and professionals working in the subject of decision theory, as well as to economists and other social scientists.
Decision making. --- Utility analysis. --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Decision making --- Utility theory. --- Demand (Economic theory) --- Value --- Revealed preference theory --- Arts and Humanities --- Philosophy
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In a complex and uncertain world, humans and animals make decisions under the constraints of limited knowledge, resources, and time. Yet models of rational decision making in economics, cognitive science, biology, and other fields largely ignore these real constraints and instead assume agents with perfect information and unlimited time. About forty years ago, Herbert Simon challenged this view with his notion of "bounded rationality." Today, bounded rationality has become a fashionable term used for disparate views of reasoning.This book promotes bounded rationality as the key to understanding how real people make decisions. Using the concept of an "adaptive toolbox," a repertoire of fast and frugal rules for decision making under uncertainty, it attempts to impose more order and coherence on the idea of bounded rationality. The contributors view bounded rationality neither as optimization under constraints nor as the study of people's reasoning fallacies. The strategies in the adaptive toolbox dispense with optimization and, for the most part, with calculations of probabilities and utilities. The book extends the concept of bounded rationality from cognitive tools to emotions; it analyzes social norms, imitation, and other cultural tools as rational strategies; and it shows how smart heuristics can exploit the structure of environments.
Decision making --- Reasoning --- Argumentation --- Ratiocination --- Reason --- Thought and thinking --- Judgment (Logic) --- Logic --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- -Reasoning --- -153.43 --- Conferences - Meetings --- bedrijven, management --- besluitvorming --- 65.012.4 --- Business management, administration. Commercial organization --- Social Sciences --- Psychology --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/Psychology/Cognitive Psychology --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/General --- Decision making - Congresses. --- Reasoning - Congresses.
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This volume teaches readers how to improve their professional decision-making skills and enhance their ability to develop long-lasting interpersonal relationships with co-workers or clients. It covers a range of topics, including identifying taste and preferences, HRM, and risk and uncertainty.
Corporate culture. --- Decision making. --- Psychology, Industrial. --- Business psychology --- Industrial psychology --- Psychotechnics --- Culture, Corporate --- Institutional culture --- Organizational culture --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Decision making --- Industrial engineering --- Personnel management --- Psychology, Applied --- Industrial psychologists --- Corporations --- Organizational behavior --- Business anthropology --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Sociological aspects
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Decision-making is a process of choosing from possible courses of action in order to attain goals and objectives. Nobel laureate Herbert Simon wrote that the whole process of managerial decision-making is synonymous with the practice of management. Decision-making is at the core of all managerial functions. Planning, for example, involves the following decisions: What should be done? When? How? Where? By whom? Other managerial functions, such as organizing, implementing, and controlling, rely heavily on decision-making. Decision by Objectives is an invaluable book about the art and sc
Decision making --- Management by objectives --- 658.012.4.011.1 --- Management --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Management by objectives. --- Decision making. --- #SBIB:021.IO --- #SBIB:316.334.2A551 --- #SBIB:35H302 --- #SBIB:35H412 --- Partijen en strategieën in de onderneming: ondernemingsbeleid en management --- Organisatieleer: processen --- Beleidscyclus: vaststelling, besluitvorming
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Convex functions --- Monotonic functions --- Geometry --- Operational research. Game theory --- Mathematical optimization. --- Operations research. --- Decision making. --- Calculus of variations. --- Optimization. --- Operations Research/Decision Theory. --- Calculus of Variations and Optimal Control; Optimization. --- Isoperimetrical problems --- Variations, Calculus of --- Maxima and minima --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Operational analysis --- Operational research --- Industrial engineering --- Management science --- Research --- System theory --- Optimization (Mathematics) --- Optimization techniques --- Optimization theory --- Systems optimization --- Mathematical analysis --- Operations research --- Simulation methods --- System analysis --- Decision making
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Service industry --- Documentation and information --- 025.11 --- Cost effectiveness --- Economics --- Information science --- -Decision making --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Communication --- Information literacy --- Library science --- Benefit cost analysis --- Capital output ratios --- Cost benefit analysis --- Costs, Industrial --- Engineering economy --- Value analysis (Cost control) --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Social sciences --- Economic man --- Bibliotheekbeheer: financies, budgettering, kostencalculatie --- Economic aspects --- Decision making --- Cost effectiveness. --- Economic aspects. --- 025.11 Bibliotheekbeheer: financies, budgettering, kostencalculatie
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In The Emerging Consensus of Social Systems Theory Bausch summarizes the works of over 30 major systemic theorists. He then goes on to show the converging areas of consensus among these out-standing thinkers. Bausch categorizes the social aspects of current systemic thinking as falling into five broadly thematic areas: designing social systems, the structure of the social world, communication, cognition and epistemology. These five areas are foundational for a theoretic and practical systemic synthesis. They were topics of contention in a historic debate between Habermas and Luhmann in the early 1970's. They continue to be contentious topics within the study of social philosophy. Since the 1970's, systemic thinking has taken great strides in the areas of mathematics, physics, biology, psychology, and sociology. This book presents a spectrum of those theoretical advances. It synthesizes what various strains of contemporary systems science have to say about social processes and assesses the quality of the resulting integrated explanations. Bausch gives a detailed study of the works of many present-day systems theorists, both in general terms, and with regard to social processes. He then creates and validates integrated representations of their thoughts with respect to his own thematic classifications. He provides a background of systemic thinking from an historical context, as well as detailed studies of developments in sociological, cognitive and evolutionary theory. This book presents a coherent, dynamic model of a self-organizing world. It proposes a creative and ethical method of decision-making and design. It makes explicit the relations between structure and process in the realms of knowledge and being. The new methodology that evolves in this book allows us to deal with enormous complexity, and to relate ideas so as to draw out previously unsuspected conclusions and syntheses. Therein lies the elegance and utility of this model.
#SBIB:316.21H10 --- #SBIB:022.TOND --- Het functionalisme en systeemdenken in de theoretische sociologie --- Social systems --- System theory. --- Philosophy. --- System theory --- Systems, Theory of --- Systems science --- Philosophy --- Science --- Sociology --- Social sciences. --- Philosophy and social sciences. --- Operations research. --- Decision making. --- Social Sciences, general. --- Methodology of the Social Sciences. --- Philosophy of the Social Sciences. --- Systems Theory, Control. --- Operations Research/Decision Theory. --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Operational analysis --- Operational research --- Industrial engineering --- Management science --- Research --- Social sciences and philosophy --- Social sciences --- Behavioral sciences --- Human sciences --- Sciences, Social --- Social science --- Social studies --- Civilization --- Decision making
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