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At the very moment that the image of the honest labourer seemed to reach its apogee in the Luttrell Psalter or, a few decades later, in 'Piers Plowman', the dominant culture of the landed interests was increasingly suspicious of what it described as the idleness, greed and arrogance of the lower orders. Labour was one of the central issues during the fourteenth century: the natural disasters and profound social changes of the period created not merely a 'problem' of labour, but also new ways of discussing and (supposedly) solving that problem. These studies engage with the contrasting and often competing discourses which emerged, ranging from the critical social awareness of some of the early fourteenth-century protest literature to the repressive authoritarianism of the new national employment laws that were enforced in the wake of the Black Death, and were expressed in counter-cultures of resistance and dissent.

Labor --- Working class --- History --- Black Death. --- Dissent. --- Employment. --- Labour. --- New national employment laws. --- Resistance. --- Social changes.

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History of Europe --- Thematology --- Iconography --- Pest in de kunst --- Pest in de literatuur --- Peste dans l'art --- Peste dans la littérature --- Plague in art --- Plague in literature --- Plague in art. --- Plague in literature. --- Yersinia Infections --- Art --- Literature --- Humanities --- Enterobacteriaceae Infections --- Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections --- Medicine in Literature --- Plague --- Medicine in Art --- Bacterial Infections --- Bacterial Infections and Mycoses --- Diseases --- Visual Arts --- Art, Architecture & Applied Arts --- Visual Arts - General --- Bacterial Infection --- Infection, Bacterial --- Infections, Bacterial --- Science in Art --- Art, Medicine in --- Art, Science in --- Arts, Medicine in --- Arts, Science in --- Medicine in Arts --- Science in Arts --- in Art, Medicine --- in Art, Science --- in Arts, Medicine --- in Arts, Science --- Black Death --- Black Plague --- Septicemic Plague --- Bubonic Plague --- Meningeal Plague --- Pneumonic Plague --- Pulmonic Plague --- Black Deaths --- Black Plagues --- Death, Black --- Deaths, Black --- Meningeal Plagues --- Plague, Black --- Plague, Bubonic --- Plague, Meningeal --- Plague, Pneumonic --- Plague, Pulmonic --- Plague, Septicemic --- Plagues, Black --- Plagues, Meningeal --- Plagues, Pneumonic --- Plagues, Pulmonic --- Plagues, Septicemic --- Pneumonic Plagues --- Pulmonic Plagues --- Septicemic Plagues --- Science in Literature --- Literature, Medicine in --- Literature, Science in --- in Literature, Medicine --- in Literature, Science --- Infections, Gram-Negative Bacterial --- Bacterial Infections, Gram-Negative --- Bacterial Infection, Gram-Negative --- Bacterial Infections, Gram Negative --- Gram Negative Bacterial Infections --- Gram-Negative Bacterial Infection --- Infection, Gram-Negative Bacterial --- Infections, Gram Negative Bacterial --- Infections, Enterobacteriaceae --- Infections, Enterobacterial --- Enterobacterial Infections --- Enterobacteriaceae Infection --- Enterobacterial Infection --- Infection, Enterobacteriaceae --- Infection, Enterobacterial --- Literatures --- Arts --- Infections, Yersinia --- Infection, Yersinia --- Yersinia Infection