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Sewerage --- Maintenance and repair.

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Sewerage --- Sewage disposal plants --- Local finance --- Maintenance and repair --- Finance.

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Sewage --- Sewage --- Wastewater treatment --- Wastewater treatment --- Waste management --- Waste management --- Sewerage --- Sewerage --- Drinking water --- Drinking water --- water supply --- water supply --- environmental protection --- environmental protection --- Rwanda --- Rwanda

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Drainage --- Environmental Sciences --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Land drainage --- Agricultural engineering --- Hydraulic engineering --- Reclamation of land --- Sanitary engineering --- Sewerage --- History. --- History --- Everglades (Fla.) --- Florida Everglades (Fla.) --- Environmental conditions

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June 2000 - Private sector participation in Guinea's urban water sector has benefited consumers, the government, and, to a lesser extent, the new foreign owners. Performance will improve further when the government starts paying its own water bill on time and when the legislature authorizes the collection of unpaid bills from private consumers. In 1989 the government of Guinea enacted far-reaching reform of its water sector, which had been dominated by a poorly run public agency. The government signed a lease contract for operations and maintenance with a private operator, making a separate public enterprise responsible for ownership of assets and investment. Although based on a successful model that had operated in Cote d'Ivoire for nearly 30 years, the reform had many highly innovative features. It is being transplanted to several other developing countries, so Clarke, Menard, and Zuluaga evaluate its successes and failures in the early years of reform. They present standard performance measures and results from a cost-benefit analysis to assess reform's net effect on various stakeholders in the sector. They conclude that, compared with what might have been expected under continued public ownership, reform benefited consumers, the government, and, to a lesser extent, the foreign owners or the private operator. Most sector performance indicators improved, but some problems remain. The three most troublesome areas are water that is unaccounted for (there are many illegal connections and the quality of infrastructure is poor), poor collection rates, and high prices. The weak institutional environment makes it difficult to improve collection rates, but the government could take some steps to correct the problem. To begin with, it could pay its own bills on time. Also, the legislature could authorize the collection of unpaid bills from private individuals. This paper - a joint product of Public Economics and Regulation and Competition Policy, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to promote competition and private sector development. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project Institutions, Politics, and Contracts: Private Sector Participation in Urban Water Supply (RPO 681-87). The authors may be contacted at gclarke@worldbank.org or menard@univ-paris1.fr.

Banks and Banking Reform --- Debt Markets --- Drinking Water --- Economic Theory and Research --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Financial Literacy --- Households --- Industry --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Marginal Cost --- Number Of People With Access --- Pipeline --- Private Operator --- Private Participation --- Public Water --- Raw Water --- Sewerage System --- Systems --- Town Water Supply and Sanitation --- Urban Water --- Urban Water Supply and Sanitation --- Water and Industry --- Water Conservation --- Water Distribution --- Water Resources --- Water Sector --- Water Supply --- Water Supply and Sanitation --- Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions --- Water Supply System --- Water System --- Water Tariffs --- Water Use --- Water Utilities --- Wells