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In late 1994, California adopted more-stringent water quality standards for the San Francisco Bay/Delta and the San Joaquin and Sacramento River System and is deciding how the water-use reductions necessary to meet these goals should be split between agricultural and urban users. This report attempts to improve understanding of the likely effects of water supply reductions on agriculture. It examines economic theory, past empirical work, new data on the response of San Joaquin Valley farmers to water supply cutbacks during the 1986-1992 drought, and two models that are commonly used to predict the effects of water supply reductions. The report supplies up-to-date information on the effects of water supply reductions on agriculture, which will allow policymakers to review decisions to reallocate water from agriculture to the environment with more accurate information on the costs and benefits.
Water-supply, Agricultural --- Agriculture --- Government policy --- Decision making.
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Pressure on the quantity and quality of water from agriculture is a concern in many OECD countries. But the use of water in agriculture is essential to meet growing demands for food, and also provides environmental and social benefits. Key questions for policy makers are how to ensure the sustainable management of water resources in agriculture through coherent policies in the areas of agriculture, water and the environment.The Athens Workshop helped to illustrate what needs to be done to manage water sustainably in agriculture, in particular through reviewing the experiences in OECD countries. The main conclusions are: continuing the reform of agricultural policies; improving the transparency of water management policies; enhancing water pricing mechanisms; ensuring that all stakeholders are involved in policy formulation; and undertaking cost-benefit analysis in the design of water projects, taking into account environmental considerations.
Environment --- Agriculture and Food --- Water-supply, Agricultural --- Agriculture --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Agriculture - General --- Agricultural water-supply --- Agriculture and water --- Water-supply, Rural --- Water in agriculture
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Water in agriculture --- Water-supply, Agricultural --- Agriculture --- Agriculture. --- Eau en agriculture. --- Environmental aspects --- Bassin versant --- Watersheds --- Sol acide --- Acid soils --- Relation plante eau --- Plant water relations --- Mouvement de l'eau dans le sol --- Soil water movement --- Propriété physicochimique du sol --- soil chemicophysical properties --- Modèle --- Models --- Brittany --- Soils
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