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Equilibrium (Economics) --- Capital --- Economics, Mathematical --- 330.1 --- Disequilibrium (Economics) --- Economic equilibrium --- General equilibrium (Economics) --- Partial equilibrium (Economics) --- Economics --- Stagnation (Economics) --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Mathematical economics --- Econometrics --- Mathematics --- Capital assets --- Fixed assets --- Capitalism --- Infrastructure (Economics) --- Wealth --- Economische grondbegrippen. Algemene begrippen in de economie --- Methodology --- Capital. --- Economics, Mathematical. --- Equilibrium (Economics). --- 330.1 Economische grondbegrippen. Algemene begrippen in de economie --- DGE (Economics) --- DSGE (Economics) --- Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (Economics) --- SDGE (Economic theory)
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This paper examines the extent to which a dynamic international general equilibrium model can account for observed movements in real interest rates and interest rate differentials. Using data for Group of Seven, the study finds that measured real interest rates are countercyclical in a single country and that the contemporaneous cross-correlations between international real interest differentials and output growth spreads are negative. Predictions of the baseline model are, however, inconsistent with the data. Extending the benchmark model to include habit persistence in consumption improves the match between theory and data.
Banks and Banking --- Econometrics --- Macroeconomics --- Macroeconomics: Production --- Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects --- Open Economy Macroeconomics --- Macroeconomics: Consumption --- Saving --- Wealth --- Innovation --- Research and Development --- Technological Change --- Intellectual Property Rights: General --- Computable and Other Applied General Equilibrium Models --- Finance --- Technology --- general issues --- Econometrics & economic statistics --- Real interest rates --- Consumption --- Production growth --- General equilibrium models --- Financial services --- National accounts --- Production --- Econometric analysis --- Interest rates --- Economics --- Economic theory --- Econometric models --- United States
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The paper analyzes the effects of monetary policy in a dynamic model of a small open economy with cash and credit goods production, where government consumption is financed by seignorage. It shows that the interrelationships between the growth rate of the monetary aggregate and the technological properties of the economy have an important bearing on the existence and uniqueness of equilibrium, the optimal inflation rate, and the occurrence of explosive hyperinflations. In consequence, the paper concludes that monetary policy does matter in the long run.
Inflation --- Macroeconomics --- Money and Monetary Policy --- General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium: General --- Monetary Systems --- Standards --- Regimes --- Government and the Monetary System --- Payment Systems --- Open Economy Macroeconomics --- Price Level --- Deflation --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Macroeconomics: Consumption --- Saving --- Wealth --- Labor Economics: General --- Monetary economics --- Labour --- income economics --- Credit --- Consumption --- Labor --- Currencies --- Prices --- Economics --- Labor economics --- Money
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Volume 1: Econometric General Equilibrium Modeling presents an econometric approach to general equilibrium modeling of the impact of economic policies. Earlier approaches were based on the "calibration" of general equilibrium models to a single data point. The obvious disadvantage of calibration is that it requires highly restrictive assumptions about technology and preferences, such as fixed input-output coefficients. These assumptions are contradicted by the massive evidence of energy conservation in response to higher world energy prices, beginning in 1973. The econometric approach to general equilibrium modeling successfully freed economic policy analysis from the straitjacket imposed by calibration. As a consequence of changes in energy prices and new environmental policies, a wealth of historical experience has accumulated over the past two decades. Interpreted within the framework of the neoclassical theory of economic growth, this experience provides essential guidelines for future policy formation. Volume 2: Energy, the Environment, and Economic Growth presents a new econometric general equilibrium model of the United States that captures the dynamic mechanisms underlying growth trends and responses to energy and environmental policies. Jorgenson uses the model to analyze the impacts of environmental regulations on US economic growth and tax policies for controlling U.S. emissions of carbon dioxide.
Economic development --- Equilibrium (Economics) --- Environmental policy --- Business & Economics --- Economic Theory --- Econometric models --- Environment and state --- Environmental control --- Environmental management --- Environmental protection --- Environmental quality --- State and environment --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Government policy --- Environmental auditing --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Econometric models. --- United States --- Economic conditions --- ECONOMICS/Mathematical & Quantitative Methods --- DGE (Economics) --- Disequilibrium (Economics) --- DSGE (Economics) --- Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (Economics) --- Economic equilibrium --- General equilibrium (Economics) --- Partial equilibrium (Economics) --- SDGE (Economic theory) --- -Equilibrium (Economics) --- US / United States of America - USA - Verenigde Staten - Etats Unis --- 330.3 --- 330.1 --- 331.04 --- 305.96 --- Methode in staathuishoudkunde. Statische, dynamische economie. Modellen. Experimental economics. --- Domein en natuur van de staathuishoudkunde. --- Langdurige bewegingen. --- Macro-economisch model van een of verschillende landen. --- ABŞ --- ABSh --- Ameerika Ühendriigid --- America (Republic) --- Amerika Birlăshmish Shtatlary --- Amerika Birlăşmi Ştatları --- Amerika Birlăşmiş Ştatları --- Amerika ka Kelenyalen Jamanaw --- Amerika Qūrama Shtattary --- Amerika Qŭshma Shtatlari --- Amerika Qushma Shtattary --- Amerika (Republic) --- Amerikai Egyesült Államok --- Amerikanʹ Veĭtʹsėndi︠a︡vks Shtattnė --- Amerikări Pĕrleshu̇llĕ Shtatsem --- Amerikas Forenede Stater --- Amerikayi Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Ameriketako Estatu Batuak --- Amirika Carékat --- AQSh --- Ar. ha-B. --- Arhab --- Artsot ha-Berit --- Artzois Ha'bris --- Bí-kok --- Ē.P.A. --- EE.UU. --- Egyesült Államok --- ĒPA --- Estados Unidos --- Estados Unidos da América do Norte --- Estados Unidos de América --- Estaos Xuníos --- Estaos Xuníos d'América --- Estatos Unitos --- Estatos Unitos d'America --- Estats Units d'Amèrica --- Ètats-Unis d'Amèrica --- États-Unis d'Amérique --- Fareyniḳṭe Shṭaṭn --- Feriene Steaten --- Feriene Steaten fan Amearika --- Forente stater --- FS --- Hēnomenai Politeiai Amerikēs --- Hēnōmenes Politeies tēs Amerikēs --- Hiwsisayin Amerikayi Miatsʻeal Tērutʻiwnkʻ --- Istadus Unidus --- Jungtinės Amerikos valstybės --- Mei guo --- Mei-kuo --- Meiguo --- Mî-koet --- Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Miguk --- Na Stàitean Aonaichte --- NSA --- S.U.A. --- SAD --- Saharat ʻAmērikā --- SASht --- Severo-Amerikanskie Shtaty --- Severo-Amerikanskie Soedinennye Shtaty --- Si︠e︡vero-Amerikanskīe Soedinennye Shtaty --- Sjedinjene Američke Države --- Soedinennye Shtaty Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Severnoĭ Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Si︠e︡vernoĭ Ameriki --- Spojené obce severoamerické --- Spojené staty americké --- SShA --- Stadoù-Unanet Amerika --- Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá --- Stany Zjednoczone --- Stati Uniti --- Stati Uniti d'America --- Stâts Unîts --- Stâts Unîts di Americhe --- Steatyn Unnaneysit --- Steatyn Unnaneysit America --- SUA (Stati Uniti d'America) --- Sŭedineni amerikanski shtati --- Sŭedinenite shtati --- Tetã peteĩ reko Amérikagua --- U.S. --- U.S.A. --- United States of America --- Unol Daleithiau --- Unol Daleithiau America --- Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko --- US --- USA --- Usono --- Vaeinigte Staatn --- Vaeinigte Staatn vo Amerika --- Vereinigte Staaten --- Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika --- Verenigde State van Amerika --- Verenigde Staten --- VS --- VSA --- Wááshindoon Bikéyah Ałhidadiidzooígíí --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amirīkīyah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amrīkīyah --- Yhdysvallat --- Yunaeted Stet --- Yunaeted Stet blong Amerika --- ZDA --- Združene države Amerike --- Zʹi︠e︡dnani Derz︠h︡avy Ameryky --- Zjadnośone staty Ameriki --- Zluchanyi︠a︡ Shtaty Ameryki --- Zlucheni Derz︠h︡avy --- ZSA --- Η.Π.Α. --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες της Αμερικής --- Америка (Republic) --- Американь Вейтьсэндявкс Штаттнэ --- Америкӑри Пӗрлешӳллӗ Штатсем --- САЩ --- Съединените щати --- Злучаныя Штаты Амерыкі --- ولايات المتحدة --- ولايات المتّحدة الأمريكيّة --- ولايات المتحدة الامريكية --- 미국 --- -Econometric models. --- Methode in staathuishoudkunde. Statische, dynamische economie. Modellen. Experimental economics --- Domein en natuur van de staathuishoudkunde --- Langdurige bewegingen --- Macro-economisch model van een of verschillende landen --- Développement économique --- Equilibre (Economie politique) --- Environnement --- Modèles économétriques --- Politique gouvernementale --- Modèle économétrique --- Etats-Unis --- Conditions économiques --- Quantitative methods (economics) --- Economic production --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- États-Unis --- É.-U. --- ÉU --- Economic development - Econometric models --- United States - Economic conditions - Econometric models --- Economic Development
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The IMF's internal analysis of exchange rate issues has been guided by, and limited by, the conceptual and empirical frameworks that have emerged from the collective research of the economics profession. The research has provided several general approaches that are useful for assessing whether countries exchange rates seem broadly appropriate. One involves the calculation of purchasing power-party (PPP) measure or international competitiveness indicators. A second, known as the macroeconomic balance framework, focuses on the extent to which prevailing exchange rates and policies are consistent with simultaneous internal and external equilibrium over the medium run. Some recent extensions of the macroeconomic balance approach and the manner in which it is applied by the IMF staff are described in this paper.
International finance --- Foreign exchange rates --- Mathematical models --- Foreign exchange --- -Purchasing power parity --- Balance of payments --- Equilibrium (Economics) --- Macroeconomics --- 339.742 --- 339.7 --- 339.72.053 --- financiën --- macro-economie --- monetair beleid --- fmi --- taux de change --- pays industrialises --- AA* / International - Internationaal --- 382.241 --- 305.92 --- 333.831.0 --- 333.481 --- 333.450 --- 333.451.6 --- 330.05 --- 332.45 --- Economics --- Disequilibrium (Economics) --- Economic equilibrium --- General equilibrium (Economics) --- Partial equilibrium (Economics) --- Stagnation (Economics) --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Current account balance (International trade) --- International payments, Balance of --- Terms of trade --- Balance of trade --- International liquidity --- International monetary system --- International money --- Finance --- International economic relations --- Law of one price --- One price, Law of --- Parity, Purchasing power --- Exchange rates --- Fixed exchange rates --- Flexible exchange rates --- Floating exchange rates --- Fluctuating exchange rates --- Rates of exchange --- Cambistry --- Currency exchange --- Exchange, Foreign --- Foreign currency --- Foreign exchange problem --- Foreign money --- Forex --- FX (Finance) --- International exchange --- Currency crises --- Betalingsverdragen --- Internationale financien. Buitenlands betalingsverkeer --(z.o {336}) --- Internationaal betalingsverkeer. Valutahandel. Wisselmarkten. Deviezenhandel. Internationale kapitaalmarkt. Flow and funds analysis. Betalingsbalans. Internationale geldmarkt.--?.053 --- imf --- wisselkoers --- geindustrialiseerde landen --- Balans van het lopend verkeer. --- Econometrie van de internationale handel. Handelsbalans, betalingsbalans. Wissel. --- Evolutie van de rentetarieven naar de duur van de bedragen. Verband tussen de diverse rentetarieven: algemeenheden. --- Monetaire crisissen, hervormingen, saneringen en stabilisering. --- Theorie van het deviezenverkeer. Theorie van de koopkrachtpariteit. --- Vlottende wisselkoersen. Crawling peg. --- Rates --- International Monetary Fund. --- Mezhdunarodnyĭ vali︠u︡tnyĭ fond --- Международный валютный фонд --- Miz︠h︡narodnyĭ vali︠u︡tnyĭ fond --- Fundo Monetário Internacional --- Fondo Monetario Internacional --- IMF (International Monetary Fund) --- FMI (International Monetary Fund) --- Internationaler Währungsfonds --- Kokusai Tsūka Kikin --- Fonds monétaire international --- Kukche Tʻonghwa Kigŭm --- Kansainvälinen Valuuttarahasto --- Kuo chi huo pi chi chin --- Fondul Monetar International --- Ṣundūq al-Naqd al-Dawlī --- Fondo M. Internacional --- IWF (International Monetary Fund) --- Kō̜ngthun Kānngœ̄n rawāng Prathēt --- MVF (International Monetary Fund) --- Międzynarodowy Fundusz Walutowy --- Mulya Aramudala --- I.M.F. (International Monetary Fund) --- Quỹ tiè̂n tệ quó̂c té̂ --- Nemzetközi Valuta Alap --- صندوق النقد الدولي --- 国际货币基金组织 --- 国際通貨基金 --- 國際貨幣基金組織 --- Fundu Monetariu Internacional --- Ṣundūq al-Naqd al-Duwalī --- DNT (Organization) --- Working papers --- 339.72.053 Internationaal betalingsverkeer. Valutahandel. Wisselmarkten. Deviezenhandel. Internationale kapitaalmarkt. Flow and funds analysis. Betalingsbalans. Internationale geldmarkt.--?.053 --- 339.7 Internationale financien. Buitenlands betalingsverkeer --(z.o {336}) --- 339.742 Betalingsverdragen --- Internationaal monetair fonds --- International monetary fund --- Econometrie van de internationale handel. Handelsbalans, betalingsbalans. Wissel --- Theorie van het deviezenverkeer. Theorie van de koopkrachtpariteit --- Vlottende wisselkoersen. Crawling peg --- Monetaire crisissen, hervormingen, saneringen en stabilisering --- Evolutie van de rentetarieven naar de duur van de bedragen. Verband tussen de diverse rentetarieven: algemeenheden --- Balans van het lopend verkeer --- Mathematical models. --- Foreign exchange rates - Mathematical models --- Banks and Banking --- Exports and Imports --- Foreign Exchange --- Investments: Stocks --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Current Account Adjustment --- Short-term Capital Movements --- Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects --- Monetary Systems --- Standards --- Regimes --- Government and the Monetary System --- Payment Systems --- International Investment --- Long-term Capital Movements --- Currency --- International economics --- Monetary economics --- Investment & securities --- Current account --- Real exchange rates --- Real interest rates --- Real effective exchange rates --- Financial services --- Exchange rate adjustments --- Interest rates --- Money --- Investments, Foreign --- United States
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