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Occupational training --- Formation professionnelle --- Local governement --- Gouvernement local --- Continuing education --- Regional disparities.

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Structural adjustment (Economic policy) --- European Union countries --- Economic conditions --- Regional disparities. --- Economic policy.

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This paper takes a step towards formalizing the theoretical interconnections among four post-Industrial Revolution phenomena - the industrialization and growth take-off of rich northern' nations, massive global income divergence, and rapid trade expansion. Specifically, we present a stages-of-growth model in which the four phenomena are jointly endogenous and all are triggered by a gradual fall in the cost of doing business internationally. In the first stage, while trade costs are high, industry is dispersed and growth is low. In the second stage, the north industrializes rapidly, growth takes off and the south diverges. In the third stage, high growth becomes self sustaining. The model shows under which conditions, in a fourth stage, the south can quickly industrialize and converge.

Income --- Economic development --- Economic geography --- Industrial productivity --- Industrialization --- International trade --- Mathematical models. --- Regional disparities

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Labor market --- Unemployment --- Regional disparities --- Congresses --- -Labor market --- -Unemployment --- -#SBIB:316.334.2A352 --- #SBIB:HIVA --- Joblessness --- Employment (Economic theory) --- Full employment policies --- Labor supply --- Manpower policy --- Right to labor --- Underemployment --- Employees --- Market, Labor --- Supply and demand for labor --- Markets --- -Congresses --- Arbeidssociologie: werkloosheid: gevolgen voor de werklozen --- Supply and demand --- Congresses. --- #SBIB:316.334.2A352 --- Regional disparities&delete& --- Chômage --- Labor market - Great Britain - Regional disparities - Congresses --- Unemployment - Great Britain - Regional disparities - Congresses --- Labor market - European Union countries - Regional disparities - Congresses --- Unemployment - European Union countries - Regional disparities - Congresses --- Exclusion

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This text explores issues of corporate reorganization in the context of heightened global competition. It concludes that the associational economy may be the 'third way' between state and market co-ordination of modern economies.

Regional planning --- Research, Industrial --- Technological innovations --- Competition, International --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Economic aspects --- Europe --- Economic conditions --- Regional disparities.