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The arthropods contain more species than any other animal group, but the evolutionary pathways which led to their current diversity are still an issue of controversy. Arthropod Relationships provides an overview of our current understanding, responding to the new data arising from sequencing DNA, the discovery of new Cambrian fossils as direct evidence of early arthropod history, and developmental genetics. These new areas of research have stimulated a reconsideration of classical morphology and embryology. Arthropod Relationships is the first synthesis of the current debate to emerge: not since the volume edited by Gupta was published in 1979 has the arthropod phylogeny debate been, considered in this depth and breadth. Leaders in the various branches of arthropod biology have contributed to this volume. Chapters focus progressively from the general issues to the specific problems involving particular groups, and thence to a consideration of embryology and genetics. This wide range of disciplines is drawn on to approach an understanding of arthropod relationships, and to provide the most timely account of arthropod phylogeny. This book should be read by evolutionary biologists, palaeontologists, developmental geneticists and invertebrate zoologists. It will have a special interest for post-graduate students working in these fields.

RBINS-REPRINT --- Offprints --- Arthropoda --- Arthropods --- Bilateria --- Invertebrates --- Evolution --- Evolution. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Invertebrates. --- Animal systematics. --- Animal taxonomy. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography. --- Animal classification --- Animal systematics --- Animal taxonomy --- Classification --- Systematic zoology --- Systematics (Zoology) --- Taxonomy, Animal --- Zoological classification --- Zoological systematics --- Zoological taxonomy --- Zoology --- Invertebrata --- Animals --- Animal evolution --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biology --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Life sciences. --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science

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575.8 --- Evolution (Biology) --- #WDIR:wbse --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biology --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Evolution. Origin of species. Phylogeny --- 575.8 Evolution. Origin of species. Phylogeny --- Selection naturelle --- GBZ General Biology, Zoology & Biophilosophy --- biodiversity --- evolutionary biology --- macroevolution --- paleontology --- Evolution (Biology). --- Evolution. Phylogeny --- biology --- Évolution --- evolution --- Biodiversity --- evolution. --- Acqui 2006

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As one of the most quantitative of ecological subdisciplines, resource competition is an important, central area of ecology. Recently research into this area has increased dramatically and resource competition models have become more complex. The characterisation of this phenomenon is therefore the aim of this book. Resource Competition seeks to identify the unifying principles emerging from experimental and theoretical approaches as well as the differences between organisms, illustrating that greater knowledge of resource competition will benefit human and environmental welfare. This book will serve as an indispensable guide to ecologists, evolutionary biologists and environmental managers, and all those interested in resource competition as an emerging discipline.

Competition (Biology) --- 574.3 --- 574.2 --- 574 --- Biotic competition --- Ecological competition --- Interspecific competition --- Intraspecific competition --- Species competition --- Struggle for survival (Biology) --- Survival, Struggle for (Biology) --- Population biology --- Species --- Populations and environment. Population dynamics --- Organisms and environment. Habitat. Preferendum --- General ecology. Biocoenology. Hydrobiology. Biogeography --- 574 General ecology. Biocoenology. Hydrobiology. Biogeography --- 574.2 Organisms and environment. Habitat. Preferendum --- 574.3 Populations and environment. Population dynamics --- Evolutionary biology. --- Ecology . --- Zoology. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Ecology. --- Biology --- Natural history --- Animals --- Balance of nature --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Animal evolution --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Ecology

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The impetus for this book arose out of my previous book, The Evolution of Life Histories (Roff, 1992). In that book I presented a single chapter on quanti­ tative genetic theory. However, as the book was concerned with the evolution of life histories and traits connected to this, the presence of quantitative genetic variation was an underlying theme throughout. Much of the focus was placed on optimality theory, for it is this approach that has proven to be extremely successful in the analysis of life history variation. But quantitative genetics cannot be ig­ nored, because there are some questions for which optimality approaches are inappropriate; for example, although optimality modeling can address the ques­ tion of the maintenance of phenotypic variation, it cannot say anything about genetic variation, on which further evolution clearly depends. The present book is, thus, a natural extension of the first. I have approached the problem not from the point of view of an animal or plant breeder but from that of one interested in understanding the evolution of quantitative traits in wild populations. The subject is large with a considerable body of theory: I generally present the assumptions underlying the analysis and the results, giving the relevant references for those interested in the intervening mathematics. My interest is in what quantitative genetics tells me about evolutionary processes; therefore, I have concentrated on areas of research most relevant to field studies.

576.5 --- 575.16 --- 631.523 --- 575.822 --- Evolutionary genetics --- Quantitative genetics --- 575.1 --- Quantitative inheritance --- Genetics --- Genetic evolution --- Evolution (Biology) --- Cell interactions. Intercellular junctions. Cell populations. Cell behaviour in culture --- Developmental genetics. Genetic basis of ontogenesis --- Applied genetics --- Heredity and variation --- Heredity. Inheritance --- Evolutionary genetics. --- Quantitative genetics. --- Biological Processes --- Genetic Processes --- Genetic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Biology --- Biological Phenomena --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Biological Evolution --- Genetic Variation --- Genetics, Population --- Health & Biological Sciences --- 575.1 Heredity. Inheritance --- 575.822 Heredity and variation --- 631.523 Applied genetics --- 575.16 Developmental genetics. Genetic basis of ontogenesis --- 576.5 Cell interactions. Intercellular junctions. Cell populations. Cell behaviour in culture --- Evolutionary biology. --- Human genetics. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Human Genetics. --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny

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In the summer of 1993, twenty-six graduate and postdoctoral stu­ dents and fourteen lecturers converged on Cornell University for a summer school devoted to structured-population models. This school was one of a series to address concepts cutting across the traditional boundaries separating terrestrial, marine, and freshwa­ ter ecology. Earlier schools resulted in the books Patch Dynamics (S. A. Levin, T. M. Powell & J. H. Steele, eds., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1993) and Ecological Time Series (T. M. Powell & J. H. Steele, eds., Chapman and Hall, New York, 1995); a book on food webs is in preparation. Models of population structure (differences among individuals due to age, size, developmental stage, spatial location, or genotype) have an important place in studies of all three kinds of ecosystem. In choosing the participants and lecturers for the school, we se­ lected for diversity-biologists who knew some mathematics and mathematicians who knew some biology, field biologists sobered by encounters with messy data and theoreticians intoxicated by the elegance of the underlying mathematics, people concerned with long-term evolutionary problems and people concerned with the acute crises of conservation biology. For four weeks, these perspec­ tives swirled in discussions that started in the lecture hall and carried on into the sweltering Ithaca night. Diversity mayor may not increase stability, but it surely makes things interesting.

Models --- Aquatic communities --- Animal population --- plant population --- population dynamics --- population structure --- Biological competition --- Population distribution --- Daphnia --- Tribolium --- Applied Ecology. --- Mathematical and Computational Biology. --- Biomathematics. Biometry. Biostatistics --- General ecology and biosociology --- Population biology --- 574.3 --- 574.5 --- 591.526 --- 591.526 Population density of an animal species. Reproduction rate. Birth rate. Destruction rate. Death rate --- Population density of an animal species. Reproduction rate. Birth rate. Destruction rate. Death rate --- 574.3 Populations and environment. Population dynamics --- Populations and environment. Population dynamics --- 574.5 Hydrobiology. Aquatic biocoenoses and ecosystems. Food chains --- Hydrobiology. Aquatic biocoenoses and ecosystems. Food chains --- Mathematical models --- Applied ecology. --- Ecology . --- Evolutionary biology. --- Biomathematics. --- Ecology. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Biology --- Mathematics --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Balance of nature --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Ecology --- Environmental protection --- Nature conservation --- Calathea ovandensis