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The shift to a market economy in post-communist Eastern Europe has had a profound impact on science and scientists across the region, leading to reforms in research management practices and to drastic cuts in funding levels everywhere. Many countries are moving to a system of competitive research grants awarded on the basis of peer review. The introduction of peer review is not simply a technical matter. It signifies a fundamental change in the social structure of science, enhancing profession-al autonomy and giving working scientists a voice in the allocation of resources. This book combines first-hand accounts of the reform process with analyses of the strengths and weaknesses of both peer review and quantitative indicators.

Research --- Peer review of research grant proposals --- Science --- Science research --- Scientific research --- Information services --- Learning and scholarship --- Methodology --- Research teams --- Grant proposals, Peer review of --- Proposals for research grants, Peer review of --- Research grant proposals, Peer review of --- Review of research grant proposals, Peer --- Research grants --- Evaluation --- Finance --- Central and Eastern Europe, Ethics, Late 20th century, Postcommunism, Ranking, Science policy, US.