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Federal government --- -Federal government --- -342.042 --- Ud2 --- Division of powers --- Federal-provincial relations --- Federal-state relations --- Federal systems --- Federalism --- Political science --- Central-local government relations --- Decentralization in government --- State governments --- Law and legislation --- Powers, Division of --- Provincial-federal relations --- State-federal relations

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This paper presents various models of control with advantages and disadvantages, the balance of which would make it more or less suitable to a particular country's circumstances. As these circumstances evolve—as fiscal and macro imbalances improve or worsen—the preferable model may change over time. Although appealing in principle, sole reliance on market discipline for government borrowing is unlikely to be appropriate in many circumstances. This is so, because one or more of the conditions for its effective working frequently are not realized in each particular country. The increasing worldwide trend toward devolution of spending and revenue-raising responsibilities to subnational governments seems likely to come into growing conflict with systems of administrative controls by the central government on subnational borrowing. Rules-based approaches to debt control would appear preferable, in terms of transparency and certainty, to administrative controls and also to statutory limits defined in the context of the annual budget process, the outcome of which may be unduly influenced by short-term political bargaining.

Exports and Imports --- Financial Risk Management --- Public Finance --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Fiscal Policy --- International economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Finance --- Macroeconomics --- Debt financing --- Public debt --- Debt service --- Debt limits --- Fiscal federalism --- External debt --- Asset and liability management --- Fiscal policy --- Debts, External --- Debts, Public --- United States

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Administration fédérale --- Autorités fédérales --- Coordination des politiques entre gouvernement fédéral et États fédérés --- Division des pouvoirs entre gouvernement fédéral et États fédérés --- Division of powers --- Federal government --- Federal government -- Law and legislation --- Federal state --- Federal systems --- Federal-provincial relations --- Federal-state relations --- Federale regering --- Federale regeringsvorm --- Federale staat --- Federale staat -- Recht en wetgeving --- Federalism --- Federalisme --- Fédéral [Gouvernement ] --- Fédéralisme --- Gouvernement central (État fédéral) --- Gouvernement fédéral --- Gouvernement fédéral -- Droit et législation --- Harmonisation des politiques entre gouvernement fédéral et États fédérés --- Instellingen --- Institutions --- Maatschappij --- Pacifism --- Pacifisme --- Politiek --- Politique --- Pouvoir fédéral --- Pouvoirs [Division des ] entre gouvernement fédéral et États fédérés --- Relations gouvernement fédéral-États fédérés --- Relations États fédérés-gouvernement fédéral --- Société --- Solidariteit --- Solidarity --- Solidarité --- Système fédéral --- État fédéral --- États fédérés et gouvernement fédéral --- Political science --- Science politique --- Federal government. --- International organization. --- International organization --- Federation, International --- Global governance --- Interdependence of nations --- International administration --- International federation --- Organization, International --- World federation --- World government --- World order --- World organization --- Congresses and conventions --- International relations --- Peace --- International agencies --- International cooperation --- Security, International --- World politics --- Central-local government relations --- Decentralization in government --- State governments --- Law and legislation --- Fédéralisme --- Powers, Division of --- Provincial-federal relations --- State-federal relations --- CRISIS --- LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT --- ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION --- TERRITORY --- FEDERALISM --- POLITICAL SYSTEMS --- ENVIRONMENT --- PHILOSOPHY --- STRUCTURE --- QUALITY CONTROL --- Sociologie --- Concept --- Philosophie --- Fédéralisme international --- Politique internationale

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Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Administration fédérale --- Autorités fédérales --- Coordination des politiques entre gouvernement fédéral et États fédérés --- Division des pouvoirs entre gouvernement fédéral et États fédérés --- Division of powers --- Federal government --- Federal government -- Law and legislation --- Federal state --- Federal systems --- Federal-provincial relations --- Federal-state relations --- Federale regering --- Federale regeringsvorm --- Federale staat --- Federale staat -- Recht en wetgeving --- Federalism --- Federalisme --- Fédéral [Gouvernement ] --- Fédéralisme --- Gouvernement central (État fédéral) --- Gouvernement fédéral --- Gouvernement fédéral -- Droit et législation --- Harmonisation des politiques entre gouvernement fédéral et États fédérés --- Pouvoir fédéral --- Pouvoirs [Division des ] entre gouvernement fédéral et États fédérés --- Relations gouvernement fédéral-États fédérés --- Relations États fédérés-gouvernement fédéral --- Système fédéral --- État fédéral --- États fédérés et gouvernement fédéral --- 323.172 --- 341.213 --- 327.39 --- Political science --- Central-local government relations --- Decentralization in government --- State governments --- Autonomie. Federalisme. Regionale autonomiebeweging. Regionalisme. Taalstrijd --- Law and legislation --- Federal government. --- 323.172 Autonomie. Federalisme. Regionale autonomiebeweging. Regionalisme. Taalstrijd --- Powers, Division of --- Provincial-federal relations --- State-federal relations --- Fédéralisme --- Etat federal --- Federation --- Regimes politiques

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Political systems --- National movements --- European Union --- Administration fédérale --- Autorités fédérales --- Construction de l'Europe --- Construction européenne --- Coordination des politiques entre gouvernement fédéral et États fédérés --- Division des pouvoirs entre gouvernement fédéral et États fédérés --- Division of powers --- Europe de l'Ouest--Unité --- Europe--Intégration --- Europe--Intégration politique --- Europe--Organisation économique et politique --- Europe--Unité --- European federation --- Europese eenmaking --- Europese federatie --- Europese integratie --- Federal government --- Federal government -- Law and legislation --- Federal state --- Federal systems --- Federal-provincial relations --- Federal-state relations --- Federale regering --- Federale regeringsvorm --- Federale staat --- Federale staat -- Recht en wetgeving --- Federalism --- Federalisme --- Fédéral [Gouvernement ] --- Fédéralisme --- Fédération européenne --- Gouvernement central (État fédéral) --- Gouvernement fédéral --- Gouvernement fédéral -- Droit et législation --- Harmonisation des politiques entre gouvernement fédéral et États fédérés --- Intégration européenne --- Intégration politique européenne --- Pouvoir fédéral --- Pouvoirs [Division des ] entre gouvernement fédéral et États fédérés --- Relations gouvernement fédéral-États fédérés --- Relations États fédérés-gouvernement fédéral --- Système fédéral --- Unification de l'Europe --- Unification européenne --- Unité européenne --- État fédéral --- États fédérés et gouvernement fédéral --- -#SBIB:327.7H220 --- #SBIB:327.7H201 --- #SBIB:324H40 --- #SBIB:012.IEB --- #A9612A --- Political science --- Central-local government relations --- Decentralization in government --- State governments --- Federation of Europe --- Pan Europa movement --- Paneuropean federation --- United States of Europe (Proposed) --- Regionalism (International organization) --- Europese Unie: instellingen en besluitvorming --- Europese Unie: politieke theorie --- Politieke structuren: algemeen --- Law and legislation --- European federation. --- Federal government. --- Estados Unidos da Europa --- Europe -- Fédération --- Europe -- Intégration --- Europe -- Intégration politique --- Europe -- Organisation économique et politique --- European state --- Fédéralisme européen --- Vereinigten Staaten von Europa --- Verenigde Staten van Europa --- États-Unis d'Europe --- Construction européenne --- Fédéralisme --- #SBIB:327.7H220 --- Powers, Division of --- Provincial-federal relations --- State-federal relations --- Europe