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A thorough survey of parish mortgage records and other manuscript collections led to the conclusion that most credit relationships, collateralized and uncollateralized, were grounded in slave property as opposed to land or other forms of wealth. Uncollateralized debt was directly dependent on the relative wealth of parish residents, and the bulk of most portfolios consisted of slaves. Emancipation and the Civil War occasioned a monumental credit implosion from which the local economy never recovered, at least for the remainder of the 19th century.

Debt --- Slavery --- Credit --- History --- Borrowing --- Finance --- Money --- Loans --- Abolition of slavery --- Antislavery --- Enslavement --- Mui tsai --- Ownership of slaves --- Servitude --- Slave keeping --- Slave system --- Slaveholding --- Thralldom --- Crimes against humanity --- Serfdom --- Slaveholders --- Slaves --- Indebtedness --- Enslaved persons

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Nobility --- Land tenure --- History. --- Noble class --- Noble families --- Nobles (Social class) --- Peerage --- Upper class --- Aristocracy (Social class) --- Titles of honor and nobility --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Land use, Rural --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- History --- Moldavië --- Nobility - Moldavia - History. --- Land tenure - Moldavia - History.

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Land tenure --- -Land use --- -Water resources development --- -Energy development --- Natural resources --- Water-supply --- Land --- Land utilization --- Use of land --- Utilization of land --- Economics --- Land cover --- Landscape assessment --- NIMBY syndrome --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Land use, Rural --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- History --- Land use --- Water resources development --- Land tenure - Mauritania - Gorgol - History --- Land use - Mauritania - Gorgol - History --- Water resources development - Mauritania - Gorgol - History

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The Civil War should be seen as America's 'bourgeois revolution'. So argues Dr John Ashworth in this novel reinterpretation, from a Marxist perspective, of American political and economic development in the forty years before the Civil War. This book, the first of a two-volume treatment of slavery, capitalism and politics, locates the political struggles of the antebellum period in the international context of the dismantling of unfree labor systems. With its sequel, the volume will demonstrate that the conflict resulted from differences between capitalist and slave modes of production. With a careful synthesis of existing scholarship on the economics of slavery, the origins of abolitionism, the proslavery argument and the second party system, Ashworth maintains that the origins of the American Civil War are best understood in terms derived from Marxism.

United States --- Politics and government --- 1815-1861 --- Economic conditions --- To 1865 --- Slavery - Economic aspects - United States - History - 19th century. --- Capitalism - United States - History - 19th century. --- Slavery --- Capitalism --- Working class --- Esclavage --- Capitalisme --- Travailleurs --- Economic aspects --- History --- Aspect économique --- Histoire --- Etats-Unis --- Politique et gouvernement --- Conditions économiques --- Arts and Humanities --- Market economy --- Economics --- Profit --- Capital --- Abolition of slavery --- Antislavery --- Enslavement --- Mui tsai --- Ownership of slaves --- Servitude --- Slave keeping --- Slave system --- Slaveholding --- Thralldom --- Crimes against humanity --- Serfdom --- Slaveholders --- Slaves --- Enslaved persons

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This 1995 book explores how political power was exerted and family identity expressed in the context of reconstruction of the noble families of the medieval duchies of Gaeta, Amalfi and Naples. Localised forms of power, and the impact of the Norman conquest on southern Italy, are assessed by means of a remarkable collection of charters preserved in the Codex diplomaticus Cajetanus. The duchy of Gaeta, like its neighbours, was ruled as a private family business. An integral part of its ruling family's power was its monopolisation of parts of the duchy's economy, the use of members of the clan to rule local centres. When the family broke up, the duchy fell to outside predators. The three duchies reacted in different ways to the Normans. Gaeta flourished commercially in the twelfth century, and its unique political response to contacts with the cities of northern Italy (especially Genoa) forms the final part of this study.

History of Italy --- anno 800-1199 --- Italy: South --- Land tenure --- Nobility --- Propriété foncière --- Noblesse --- History --- Histoire --- Italy, Southern --- Mezzogiorno (Italie) --- Social conditions --- Conditions sociales --- -Nobility --- -Land tenure --- -Social history --- -Descriptive sociology --- Social history --- Sociology --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Land use, Rural --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Noble class --- Noble families --- Nobles (Social class) --- Peerage --- Upper class --- Aristocracy (Social class) --- Titles of honor and nobility --- -Italy, Southern --- -Meridione (Italy) --- Mezzogiorno (Italy) --- Southern Italy --- History. --- Social conditions. --- -History --- -Social conditions --- Propriété foncière --- Italy --- Gaeta (Duchy) --- Amalfi --- Naples (Italy) --- Italy [Southern ] --- 535-1268 --- Nobility - Italy - Gaeta - History. --- Nobility - Italy - Amalfi - History. --- Nobility - Italy - Naples - History. --- Italy, Southern - Social conditions. --- Italy, Southern - History - 535-1268. --- Arts and Humanities