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It is commonly agreed that economic policies, including budgetary policies, can have potentially strong distributional effects. Traditional economic analysis held that economic policies affected the income distribution primarily through their impact on the rate of growth. More recently, it has come to be recognized that qualitative aspects of economic growth are probably more important than the rate of growth itself. While recent research has confirmed the potential role of expenditure policies as a redistributive tool, it has also shown that redistribution does not necessarily have to come at the expense of economic growth and efficiency. Although there are substantial analytical and technical problems to be faced in the design of equitable and cost-effective public expenditure programs, unfavorable distributional outcomes of these programs can usually be traced more to political and institutional pressures than to purely technical factors.
Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Macroeconomics: Consumption --- Saving --- Wealth --- Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General --- Public finance & taxation --- Poverty & precarity --- Expenditure --- Personal income --- Income distribution --- Income inequality --- Consumption --- National accounts --- Poverty --- Expenditures, Public --- Income --- Economics --- Colombia
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Poverty alleviation is typically addressed in financial programming through additive programs that target vulnerable groups but without modifying the underlying stabilization and adjustment targets. Instead, this paper integrates the poverty alleviation objective into the financial programming framework using a well-known poverty index. In consequence, the assessment of trade-offs between competing objectives is facilitated. A simulation demonstrates how the integrated approach can reduce adverse effects on poverty and improve the balance of payments, although at the cost, temporarily, of a higher fiscal deficit and inflation.
Macroeconomics --- Social Services and Welfare --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook: General --- Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Measurement and Analysis of Poverty --- Poverty & precarity --- Social welfare & social services --- Poverty --- Personal income --- Income distribution --- Poverty reduction --- Poverty measurement --- Income
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