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English (4)


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1995 (4)

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The use of replacement workers in union contract negotiations: the US experience, 1980-1989
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Year: 1995 Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. National Bureau of Economic Research

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Digital
The effect of collective bargaining legislation on strikes and wages
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Year: 1995 Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. National Bureau of Economic Research

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Labour economics


Book
The Use of Replacement Workers in Union Contract Negotiations : The U.S. Experience, 1980-1989
Authors: --- ---
Year: 1995 Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. National Bureau of Economic Research

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It is argued in many circles that a structural change occurred in U.S. collective bargaining in the 1980s. We investigate the extent to which the hiring of replacement workers can account for this change. For a sample of over 300 major strikes since 1980, we estimate the likelihood of replacements being hired. We find that the risk of replacement declines during tight labor markets, and is lower for bargaining units with more experienced workers. We use the predicted replacement risk as an explanatory variable in a model of the union's choice between the strike and holdout threat. We find that strike usage decreases significantly as the predicted replacement risk increases. We estimate that a ban on the use of replacement workers would have increased strike incidence from 1982-1989 by 3 percentage points, a 30 percent increase.

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Book
The Effect of Collective Bargaining Legislation on Strikes and Wages
Authors: --- --- ---
Year: 1995 Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. National Bureau of Economic Research

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Abstract

Using Canadian data on large, private-sector contract negotiations from January 1967 to March 1993, we find that wages and strikes are substantially influenced by labor policy. In particular, we find that prohibiting the use of replacement workers during strikes is associated with significantly higher wages, and more frequent and longer strikes. This is consistent with private information theories of bargaining. We estimate the welfare consequences of a ban on replacement workers, as well as other labor policies. Despite the higher dispute costs, union workers are better off with a ban on replacement workers. The higher wage more than compensates for the more frequent and longer strikes.

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