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Business, Economy and Management --- General and Others

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This 1994 collection of interdisciplinary essays was the first to investigate how images in the history of the natural and physical sciences have been used to shape the history of economic thought. The contributors, historians of science and economics alike, document the extent to which scholars have drawn on physical and natural science to ground economic ideas and evaluate the role and importance of metaphors in the structure and content of economic thought. These range from Aristotle's discussion of the division of labour, to Marshall's evocation of population biology, to Hayek's dependence upon evolutionary concepts, and more recently to neoclassical economists' invocation of chaos theory. Resort to such images, contributors find, was more than mere rhetorical flourish. Rather, appeals to natural and physical metaphors serve to constitute the very subject matter of the discipline and what might be accepted as the 'economic'.

Methodology of economics --- Economics --- Economie politique --- History --- Congresses --- Histoire --- Congrès --- Congrès --- Business, Economy and Management

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Business, Economy and Management --- Business Management --- Economics --- Finance --- General and Others --- Material & Supply Chain Management

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Business, Economy and Management --- Law --- Business Management --- Economics --- Personnel Management & Training --- Industrial Relations Law --- Investment Laws

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In the 1950s, Brazil prohibited car imports and forced transnational auto companies either to abandon the market or manufacture vehicles within Brazil. Although current approaches to economic development would suggest that this type of industrialization policy would fail in the political-economic context of post-war Brazil, the plan was very successful. This book explains the economic and political motivations behind the plan and why Brazil relied on foreign firms to do the job. It documents the bargaining process between the Brazilian government and transnational firms, estimates the cost incurred by the government as a result of the plan, and provides new archival evidence that shows that firms would not have invested without government pressure. It argues that the current, polarized debate on the role of the state in economic development must become more nuanced, as the Brazilian auto case suggests that the effectiveness of state policy can vary greatly across sectors and over time.

Automobile industry and trade --- International business enterprises --- Automotive industry --- Motor vehicle industry --- Government policy --- Business, Economy and Management --- Economics