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L'élimination des entraves techniques dans la Communauté européenne
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ISBN: 3261044969 9783261044969 Year: 1992 Volume: 1260 Publisher: Berne: Lang,

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International Trade, Distortions and Long-Run Economic Growth
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ISBN: 1462338860 1455235385 1281600369 1455277657 9786613781055 Year: 1992 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund,

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The links between trade and growth are examined in a neoclassical model of an open economy in which domestic production requires both domestic and imported inputs. The model shows that trade distortions induced by such government policies as tariffs and exchange controls generate cross-country divergences in growth rates and in per capita income over a long transitional period. The empirical results confirm that tariff rates and black market premia, interacting with an estimate of the share of free trade imports, have significant negative effects on the growth rate of per capita income across countries in the orders of magnitude predicted by the model.


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The European Community's Trade and Trade-Related Industrial Policies
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ISBN: 1462338852 1455269697 Year: 1992 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund,

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This paper examines the objectives and instruments of trade policy in the European Community (EC) from 1987 until mid-1992. It reviews the Community’s institutional setting and policy environment as background to recent trends in EC trade policies and trading arrangements. A discussion of key issues and developments in the internal market program and its interactions with the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations is followed by a review of the main issues underlying trade disputes with third countries and trade-related industrial policies.


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1992 World Economic and Financial Surveys : Issues & Development in intl. Trade.
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ISBN: 1463919220 1463990723 9781463990725 9781463919221 Year: 1992 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund,

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This paper reviews major issues and developments in the trade area and outlines the challenges governments face as they seek to liberalize trade in the Uruguay Round of trade negotiations and address new trade issues. In industrial countries, the reorientation of policies was most apparent in steps taken to liberalize financial markets and foreign direct investment, privatize public enterprises, and deregulate services, particularly in the transportation and communication sectors. Among developing countries, a growing number recognized the merits of outward, market-oriented policies and took steps to liberalize their trade regimes and open their economies to international competition. By and large, the increased focus on market principles in industrial countries did not carry over to trade and industrial policies or, most notable, to the agricultural sector. Despite strong growth performance in 1983–1989, little progress was made in rolling back the protective barriers that had risen during the preceding recessionary period; protection persists in agriculture and declining sectors and has spread to newer high-tech areas.

Regional trade arrangements
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ISSN: 02516365 ISBN: 1557752273 146231791X 1452732825 9781557752277 Year: 1992 Volume: 93 Publisher: Washington (DC): International monetary fund,

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Regional trade arrangements have recently attracted growing interest, as existing schemes are either being extended or revived and new groupings are being formed. This study reviews recent initiatives and the experience with regional integration in industrial and developing countries and discusses the implications of the recent expansion of the trend for the multilateral trading system.

Foreign and Intratrade Policies of Arab Countries
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ISBN: 9781455213368 1455213365 1283536595 9781283536592 1557753059 9781557753052 1462349234 1455276006 9786613849045 Year: 1992 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund,

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The challenge facing the Arab countries to maintain economic growth in the face of the deteriorating terms of trade affecting all developing countries was addressed in a seminar held in Abu Dhabi in early 1992. This volume, edited by Said El-Naggar, includes papers by contributors from the region as well as from the IMF.

La répression des infractions douanières dans le cadre du Grand marché intérieur : étude en droit communautaire et droit comparé
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ISBN: 2907512153 9782907512152 Year: 1992 Volume: Numéro spécial Publisher: Paris : GLN éd.,

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