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Over the period 1960 - 1983 the proportion of federal tax revenue raised by taxation of labor supply has risen from 57-77 percent. In this paper, we specify and estimate a model of family labor supply which treats both federal and state taxation. Husbands and wives labor supply are treated jointly rather than in aseparate manner as in previous research. A method to calculate the virtual wage for nonworking spouses is used within a utility maximizing framework to treat correctly the joint family labor supply decision. Joint family efforts are found to be important. The efficiency cost (deadweight loss) of labor taxation is estimated to be 29.6% of tax revenue raised. The effect of the new 10% deduction to ease the marriage tax for working spouses leads to a prediction of 3.8% increase in wives labor supply and a .9% decrease in husbands labor supply.Overall taxes paid are predicted to decrease by 3.4%.

Income tax

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Income --- Income tax --- Revenu --- Impôt sur le revenu --- Statistics --- Periodicals. --- Statistiques --- Périodiques

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Tax law --- Belgium --- Droit fiscal --- Fiscaal recht --- Inkomens --- Revenus --- 351.713*12 <493> --- Academic collection --- inkomstenbelasting --- vermogensbelasting --- belgie --- BE / Belgium - België - Belgique --- 336.212.4 --- S00 Droit fiscal / Généralités - Fiscaal recht / Algemeenheden --- Inkomstenbelasting--België --- impot sur le revenu --- impot sur le capital --- belgique --- belastingen op de totale inkomsten (Income Tax). --- 351.713*12 <493> Inkomstenbelasting--België --- belastingen op de totale inkomsten (Income Tax) --- 340 --- economie --- économie

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Income --- Income tax --- Social security taxes --- AA / International- internationaal --- 336.212.1 --- 368.45 --- 332.3 --- Belastingen op de bedrijfsinkomsten --- Sociale lasten (belang en impact). --- Sociale lasten. --- Payroll tax (Social security) --- Social security --- Taxation --- Wages --- Withholding tax --- Personal income tax --- Taxable income --- Taxation of income --- Direct taxation --- Internal revenue --- Progressive taxation --- Tithes --- Family income --- Fortunes --- Household income --- Personal income --- Economics --- Finance --- Property --- Wealth --- Gross national product --- Profit --- Purchasing power --- Sociale lasten --- Sociale lasten (belang en impact)

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This paper examines the validity of the hypothesis that the level of the real wage rate, inclusive of employers’ expenditures for social insurance and employment or payroll taxes, is a major obstacle to a return to high employment in industrial countries. The hypothesis is tested by estimating a production function, solving it for the real wage rate that would be consistent with the high-employment level of labor input given the existing capital stock, and comparing this warranted wage with the actual real wage. The disequilibrium real wage rate hypothesis is based largely on the observation that, at least in manufacturing, the real wage rate defined from the employer’s standpoint—that is, the nominal wage rate deflated by the value-added deflator rather than by the consumer price index—has tended to grow faster than labor productivity during the past decade and a half. Voluntarily or as a result of government regulation, firms purchase equipment that produces products that are omitted from the measured gross national product (GNP).

Business Taxes and Subsidies --- Capacity --- Capital --- Currency --- Finance --- Foreign Exchange --- Foreign exchange --- Income and capital gains taxes --- Income economics --- Income tax --- Intangible Capital --- Investment --- Investments: General --- Labor economics --- Labor Economics: General --- Labor share --- Labor --- Labour --- Macroeconomics --- National accounts --- Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies --- Private investment --- Public finance & taxation --- Real wages --- Saving and investment --- Spendings tax --- Taxation --- Taxes --- Wages --- Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General --- United Kingdom