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This paper discusses that with inflows of capital showing some further expansion, the combined overall balance of payments surplus of the developing countries remained high. Most of the countries that use the French franc, pound sterling, or the US dollar as their intervention currency continue to do so with no change in the relationship between their own currency and the intervention currency involved. However, some countries like Jamaica re-pegged from sterling to the US dollar. Despite the flexible exchange rate regime operating in relation to the major currencies, measures to curb capital inflows, particularly those on short-term funds taken in 1971 and strengthened thereafter, were not relaxed in general until after mid-1973. The first relaxation came after a strengthening of the US dollar against the major European currencies in the third quarter of the year. During the period under review the Bahamas became a member of the IMF, raising total membership to 126 countries.

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This paper presents main characteristics of a typical oil economy. Estimates of proven oil reserves in Saudi Arabia differ widely, ranging from estimates by ARAMCO and the other companies of about 100 billion barrels to figures exceeding 150 billion barrels. In 1969, two US firms commissioned by the Saudi Arabian Government completed studies of the country's oil reserves, estimating 126.4 billion barrels for the fields surveyed. Growth of oil production in Saudi Arabia has been determined largely by exogenous factors connected with the growth of world demand for oil and fluctuations in supplies from other producing areas. Industrial and agricultural development in Saudi Arabia has been constrained by the scarcity of natural resources, other than oil. Agricultural and fishery resources can be potentially significant, but only recently have they been systematically explored. Based on a clear comparative advantage in the supply of oil and natural gas, industrial development in Saudi Arabia is proceeding from oil production and refining to petrochemicals and to other energy-intensive industries.

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AA / International- internationaal --- EUR / Europe - Europa --- 08 --- 331.162.22 --- 331.168 --- 330.43 --- 012 --- 338 <09> --- Biografieën en memoires. --- Geschiedenis van de private banken. --- Geschiedenis van het boekhouden. --- Mercantilisme en fysiocratie. --- Individuele bibliografieën van auteurs --- Economische geschiedenis --- Accounting --- Banks and banking --- Economics --- History. --- 338 <09> Economische geschiedenis --- Europe --- Histoire du Commerce --- Histoire économique --- Agricultural banks --- Banking --- Banking industry --- Commercial banks --- Depository institutions --- Finance --- Financial institutions --- Money --- Accountancy --- Business enterprises --- Commerce --- Commercial accounting --- Financial accounting --- Business --- Bookkeeping --- History --- Biografieën en memoires --- Mercantilisme en fysiocratie --- Geschiedenis van de private banken --- Geschiedenis van het boekhouden --- Banques --- Histoire economique --- Conditions economiques --- 14e-18e siecles --- Historiographie

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This paper describes the technical improvement in developing countries. It highlights that developing countries have relied heavily for their industrial development upon foreign enterprises as sources of technology and management systems. The paper underscores that through direct investment or under licensing arrangements, foreign corporations have supplied a vast array of industrial products and equipment and have exercised a major role in the design and construction of processing and manufacturing facilities in newly industrializing countries.

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336.71 <09> <73> --- 338 <09> <73> --- US / United States of America - USA - Verenigde Staten - Etats Unis --- 347.734 --- 333.139.2 --- 333.17 --- 331.162.22 --- Banking law --- -Banks and banking --- -New Deal, 1933-1939 --- New Deal, 1933-1939 --- Agricultural banks --- Banking --- Banking industry --- Commercial banks --- Depository institutions --- Finance --- Financial institutions --- Money --- Banks and banking --- Law, Banking --- Bankwezen--Geschiedenis van ...--Verenigde Staten van Amerika. VSA. USA --- Economische geschiedenis--Verenigde Staten van Amerika. VSA. USA --- Bank- en spaarinstellingen (recht). --- Bankcontrole en -reglementering. Reglementering van het bankberoep. --- Crises, saneringen en hervormingen van het bankwezen. --- Geschiedenis van de private banken. --- History --- Law and legislation --- 338 <09> <73> Economische geschiedenis--Verenigde Staten van Amerika. VSA. USA --- 336.71 <09> <73> Bankwezen--Geschiedenis van ...--Verenigde Staten van Amerika. VSA. USA --- Geschiedenis van de private banken --- Bankcontrole en -reglementering. Reglementering van het bankberoep --- Crises, saneringen en hervormingen van het bankwezen --- Bank- en spaarinstellingen (recht)