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Philosophy

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Political philosophy. Social philosophy

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Philosophy, Scottish.

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"The Aesthetics of Hegel is a voluminous treatise, and more easy of comprehension than any other of his works. Its appearance began a new era in Art criticism, and it has been the mine from which many subsequent writers have drawn their treasures. The object of this book is to reproduce its essential thought, especially from the philosophic standpoint. Some endeavour to master the key--Hegel's philosophy of the Idea--is needful for its complete application in following his treatment of the several arts. The work is divided into three parts. The first, which gives the fundamental philosophy of the whole, is here reproduced faithfully, though in a condensed form, with criticisms of the present author interspersed. Of the second part, which traces the logical and historical development of the Art-impulse, there is an excellent translation easily accessible. I have thought it best, therefore, to substitute here, an original disquisition, in language approaching nearer the vernacular, and with more immediate regard to present Aesthetic problems; yet following also the pathway marked out by Hegel, and giving the substance of his thought. Of the third part, which is larger than both the others combined, being the treatment of all the Arts in detail, I have given all the important definitions and fundamental ideas, omitting, as was needful, the minute illustrations of the same, and the properly technical part, which, too, can be found elsewhere"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).

Art --- Philosophy.

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Between spiritual needs and the results of human science there is an unsettled dispute of long standing. In every age the first necessary step towards truth has been the renunciation of those soaring dreams of the human heart which strive to picture the cosmic frame as other and fairer than it appears to the eye of the impartial observer. And no doubt that which men are so ready to set in opposition to common knowledge as being a higher view of things, is but a kind of prophetic yearning, which, though well aware of the limits that it seeks to transcend, knows but little of the goal that it would reach. Such views, indeed, though they have their source in the best part of our nature, receive their distinctive character and colouring from very various influences. Fed by many doubts and reflections concerning the destinies of life and drawn from a range of experience that at the best is limited, they neither escape the influences of transmitted culture and temporary tendencies, nor are they even independent of those natural changes of mental mood which take place in men, and are different in youth from what they are after the accumulation of manifold experiences. It cannot be seriously hoped that such an obscure and unquiet movement of men's spirits should furnish a juster delineation of the connection of things than the careful investigations of science, in which that power of thought which all share in is brought into action. Though we cannot command the heart to suppress its questionings and longings, we yet hold that it can expect a response to them only as an incidental result of knowledge which starts from a less emotional and therefore a clearer point of view. But as the growing farsightedness of astronomy dissipated the idea that the great theatre of human life was in direct connection with divinity, so the further advance of mechanical science begins to threaten with similar disintegration the smaller world, the Microcosm of man. In saying this, I do not intend to allude more than incidentally to the increasing diffusion of materialistic views which strive to trace back all mental life to the blind working of material mechanism. Broad and confident as the current of these views flows on, yet it by no means has its source in inevitable assumptions, bound up inseparably with the spirit of a mechanical investigation of Nature".

Mechanism (Philosophy) --- Microcosm and macrocosm. --- Philosophy, German