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Jewish religion

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Comparative religion

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Christian religion --- Law

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Comparative religion --- Antiquity --- Rome

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It has been generally assumed by leading philosophers that there is no necessary internal connection between sound metaphysical speculation and the person of Jesus Christ. Metaphysics in general, or any particular system of philosophy, and the Christian Religion, are, it is held, distinct and different spheres of thought, and are, in consequence, not determined by a common principle, though, like the circumferences of contiguous circles, they touch and may even intersect each other. To believe in Christ as the Word made flesh and in Christianity as the absolute world-religion, and to hold this belief with logical consistency, requires us to assume, therefore, that true philosophy and Christianity are not to be divorced, but are internally and necessarily connected. Though distinct systems, the one starting with the intuitive beliefs of the reason, and proceeding according to the subjective laws of thought, the other starting with a fact of supernatural revelation and then unfolding itself from it as from a germ, according to the objective law of organic growth, they are nevertheless not separable much less contradictory; but both presuppose the same fundamental necessity in human nature, the necessity to believe and to know involved in the relation of subject and object, and both follow and embody the same order or method in the process of development. The method of thinking which determines every branch of true philosophy corresponds to the objective order of life unfolded in Christianity. And as Christ is the principle of Christianity, it follows that He is Himself the highest concrete form of the method of thinking which must underlie and pervade every process of legitimate ratiocination. Whilst the author has no doubt in his own mind of the truth of the general principle here laid down, it is with great diffidence that he submits a short Introduction to philosophy which is based upon it. The Outline treatise on logic (the second part of the present volume) is a free, and somewhat amplified, translation of a German work by Dr. Beck, originally published in Stuttgart, in 1845. The design of Dr. Beck was to prepare an Outline treatise as a text-book, which should include such matter only as it is necessary for a student in a Gymnasium or College to study, and to pursue such a method in elaborating the material as would itself discipline the mind to logical thinking. With no desire but to aid in advancing the interests of Science and Religion, I submit this volume to my fellow laborers in the work of higher education, and to the scientific community in general, in the hope that, in some measure at least, it may be adapted to promote the end which it has in view".

Philosophy and religion. --- Logic.