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This book presents experimental studies on emergent transport and magneto-optical properties in three-dimensional topological insulators with two-dimensional Dirac fermions on their surfaces. Designing magnetic heterostructures utilizing a cutting-edge growth technique (molecular beam epitaxy) stabilizes and manifests new quantization phenomena, as confirmed by low-temperature electrical transport and time-domain terahertz magneto-optical measurements. Starting with a review of the theoretical background and recent experimental advances in topological insulators in terms of a novel magneto-electric coupling, the author subsequently explores their magnetic quantum properties and reveals topological phase transitions between quantum anomalous Hall insulator and trivial insulator phases; a new topological phase (the axion insulator); and a half-integer quantum Hall state associated with the quantum parity anomaly. Furthermore, the author shows how these quantum phases can be significantly stabilized via magnetic modulation doping and proximity coupling with a normal ferromagnetic insulator. These findings provide a basis for future technologies such as ultra-low energy consumption electronic devices and fault-tolerant topological quantum computers.
Magnetooptics. --- Topological insulators. --- Insulators, Topological --- Electric insulators and insulation --- Electronic apparatus and appliances --- Magneto-optical effects --- Magneto-optics --- Magnetooptical effects --- Optical phenomena, Influence of magnetism on --- Optics --- Materials
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Thin films. --- Nuclear spin. --- Topological insulators. --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Coatings --- Thick films --- Insulators, Topological --- Electric insulators and insulation --- Electronic apparatus and appliances --- Spin, Nuclear --- Angular momentum (Nuclear physics) --- Nuclear physics --- Materials
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Condensed matter. --- Quantum gravity. --- Topological insulators. --- Insulators, Topological --- Electric insulators and insulation --- Electronic apparatus and appliances --- Gravity, Quantum --- General relativity (Physics) --- Gravitation --- Quantum theory --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Liquids --- Matter --- Solids --- Materials
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Since the initial predictions for the existence of Weyl fermions in condensed matter, many different experimental techniques have confirmed the existence of Weyl semimetals. Among these techniques, optical responses have shown a variety of effects associated with the existence of Weyl fermions. In chiral crystals, we find a new type of fermions protected by crystal symmetries — the chiral multifold fermions — that can be understood as a higher-spin generalization of Weyl fermions. This work analyzes how multifold fermions interact with light and highlights the power of optical responses to identify and characterize multifold fermions and the materials hosting them. In particular, we find optical selection rules, compute the linear optical response of all chiral multifold fermions, and analyze the non-linear optical responses and their relation to the presence of topological bands. Finally, the research presented here analyzes the theoretical foundations and experimental features of optical responses of two multifold semimetals, RhSi and CoSi, connecting the observed features with the theoretical predictions and demonstrating the power of optical responses to understand real-life multifold semimetals.
Condensed matter. --- Topological insulators. --- Nanophotonics. --- Plasmonics. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- Topological Material. --- Phase Transition and Critical Phenomena. --- Nanophotonics and Plasmonics. --- Electronics --- Plasma engineering --- Nano photonics --- Photonics --- Insulators, Topological --- Electric insulators and insulation --- Electronic apparatus and appliances --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Liquids --- Matter --- Solids --- Materials --- Physics --- Science
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