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National socialism --- Nationalism --- Socialism --- Nazism --- Authoritarianism --- Fascism --- Nazis --- Neo-Nazism --- Totalitarianism --- World War, 1939-1945 --- History. --- Causes

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History of Europe --- nationaal-socialisme --- Political sociology --- National socialism --- 329.18 <430> --- Nazism --- Authoritarianism --- Fascism --- Nazis --- Neo-Nazism --- Totalitarianism --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Causes --- National socialism.

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European legal integration is often justified with reference to the inherent unity of European legal traditions that extend to ancient Rome. This book explores the invention of this tradition, tracing it to a group of legal scholars divided by the onslaught of Nazi terror and totalitarianism in Europe. As exiles in Britain and the US, its formulators worked to build bridges between the Continental and the Atlantic legal traditions, incorporating ideas such as rule of law, liberty and equality to the European heritage. Others joined the Nazi revolution, which promoted its own idea of European unity. At the end of World War Two, natural law and human rights were incorporated into the European project. The resulting narrative of Europe, one that outlined human rights, rule of law and equality, became consequently a unifying factor during the Cold War as the self-definition against the challenge of communism.

Jurisprudence --- National socialism --- History --- Jurisprudence - Europe - History - 20th century --- National socialism. --- Nazism --- Authoritarianism --- Fascism --- Nazis --- Neo-Nazism --- Totalitarianism --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Law --- Causes --- Philosophy

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The totalitarian systems that arose in the twentieth century presented themselves as secular. Yet, as A. James Gregor argues in this book, they themselves functioned as religions. He presents an intellectual history of the rise of these political religions, tracing a set of ideas that include belief that a certain text contains impeccable truths; notions of infallible, charismatic leadership; and the promise of human redemption through strict obedience, selfless sacrifice, total dedication, and unremitting labor. Gregor provides unique insight into the variants of Marxism, Fascism

Totalitarianism --- Fascism --- National socialism. --- Religion and politics --- Nazism --- Authoritarianism --- Nazis --- Neo-Nazism --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Totalitarian state --- Collectivism --- Despotism --- Dictatorship --- National socialism --- History. --- Causes

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To the Threshold of Power is the first volume of a two-part work that seeks to explain the origins and dynamics of the Fascist and National Socialist dictatorships. It lays a foundation for understanding the Nazi and Fascist regimes through parallel investigations of Italian and German society, institutions, and national myths; the supreme test of the First World War; and the post-1918 struggles from which the Fascist and National Socialist movements emerged. It emphasizes two principal sources of movement: the nationalist mythology of the intellectuals and the institutional culture and agendas of the two armies, especially the Imperial German Army and its Reichswehr successor. The book's climax is the cataclysm of 1914-18 and the rise and triumph of militarily organized radical nationalist movements - Mussolini's Fasci di combattimento and Hitler's National Socialist German Workers' Party - dedicated to the perpetuation of the war and the overthrow of the post-1918 world order.

Totalitarianism. --- Fascism --- National socialism --- Nazism --- Authoritarianism --- Nazis --- Neo-Nazism --- Totalitarianism --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Totalitarian state --- Collectivism --- Despotism --- Dictatorship --- History. --- Causes --- Arts and Humanities --- History