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HIV/AIDS is a catastrophe globally but nowhere more so than in sub-Saharan Africa, which in 2008 accounted for 67 percent of cases worldwide and 91 percent of new infections. The Institute of Medicine recommends that the United States and African nations move toward a strategy of shared responsibility such that these nations are empowered to take ownership of their HIV/AIDS problem and work to solve it.

HIV infections --- AIDS (Disease) --- Medical assistance, American. --- Treatment --- Costs. --- Government policy --- International cooperation.

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Published to coincide with the 40th Anniversary of Médecin Sans Frontèires (MSF), this book reveals the realpolitik behind NGO work.

Medical assistance. --- Public health --- Humanitarian assistance. --- International cooperation. --- Humanitarian aid --- International relief --- International agencies --- Medical assistance --- Public health laws, International --- World health --- Assistance, Medical --- Medical technical assistance --- Humanitarian assistance --- Medicine --- Technical assistance --- International cooperation

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Dr Wilfred Grenfell, physician and folk hero, recruited thousands of volunteer workers for his Newfoundland and Labrador seamen's mission, many of them Americans from Ivy League institutions. As the medical mission grew to become the International Grenfell Association, establishing institutions along the Labrador and northern Newfoundland coasts, Americans also became resident staff leaders in the region, and Grenfell himself married an American, Anne MacClanahan, who led mission activities. The Grenfell Medical Mission and American Support in Newfoundland and Labrador, 1890s-1940s reveals the nature and extent of support from Americans throughout the distributed privately run social enterprise until the 1940s, before the region joined Canada. Essays explore the organization's claims to share an Anglo-Saxon heritage with the United States, American reaction to its financial scandal and creation of an incorporated association, its promotion of sport and masculinity, and the development of education and schools in the region and the mission. The organization's strong ties to the United States are exemplified by Grenfell's friendship with American physician John Harvey Kellogg; the donation of clothing from American donors; the work of one American woman on her affiliated mission unit; the impact of American philanthropy and training on the construction of the mission's main hospital in St Anthony; and the superior American-accredited health care facilities and their clinical achievements. From its corporate base in New York City, the International Grenfell Association blended contemporary social movements and adopted American notions of philanthropy. The Grenfell Medical Mission and American Support in Newfoundland and Labrador, 1890s-1940s offers the first thorough history of an iconic health and social organization in Atlantic Canada.

Grenfell, Wilfred Thomason, --- Americans --- Missions, Medical --- HISTORY / Canada / Post-Confederation (1867-). --- Medical missions --- Missionary medicine --- Medical assistance --- Medicine --- Medical expeditions --- Yankees --- Ethnology --- History

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Les politiques d'aide à la santé sont maintenant inscrites au coeur des stratégies de développement, contrairement à la place marginale qu'elles occupaient dans les années 1960. L'importance des fonds qui y sont consacrés et la diversité des acteurs impliqués illustre sans contredit le consensus international à ce chapitre, la santé étant considérée à la fois comme un droit fondamental de tout être humain et un outil de développement économique.Comment expliquer cette mobilisation ? Quelles intermédiations sociopolitiques sont à l'oeuvre ? Les objectifs des donateurs sont-ils établis sur la base de critères coût-efficacité ? Ces questions clés ont été peu examinées, la littérature actuelle sur le développement étant plutôt dominée par l'efficacité et l'impact de l'aide dans les pays en développement ainsi que le rôle joué par la « bonne gouvernance » dans l'atteinte des Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement.Cet ouvrage constitue le premier du genre à explorer de façon exhaustive l'architecture chaotique de l'aide internationale à la santé et les jalons qui ont marqué son évolution à partir de 1960 jusqu'aux années 2000. Destiné aux praticiens du développement international, cet ouvrage intéressera tout autant les décideurs politiques que les chercheurs et les étudiants dans d'autres secteurs du développement, qui sauront y tirer des enseignements utiles.

Medical assistance --- Public health --- World health --- Aide sanitaire --- Santé publique --- Santé mondiale --- International cooperation --- Coopération internationale --- Relief Work --- International Cooperation --- Healthcare Financing --- Santé publique --- Santé mondiale --- Coopération internationale --- Medical assistance. --- World health. --- Aide sanitaire. --- International cooperation. --- Coopération internationale. --- Medical Assistance --- Global Health --- Economics, Medical. --- Public Health --- International Cooperation. --- Santé mondiale. --- Aide médicale --- Économie médicale. --- economics. --- organization & administration. --- Économie. --- Organisation et administration. --- Treaties --- Foreign Aid --- Aid, Foreign --- Cooperation, International --- Treaty --- Medical Economics --- Medicine --- Global health --- International health --- Medical geography --- International agencies --- Public health laws, International --- Medical technical assistance --- Humanitarian assistance --- Technical assistance --- economics --- Assistance, Medical

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Since 1948, the World Health Organization (WHO) has launched numerous programs aimed at improving health conditions around the globe, ranging from efforts to eradicate smallpox to education programs about the health risks of smoking. In setting global health priorities and carrying out initiatives, the WHO bureaucracy has faced the challenge of reconciling the preferences of a small minority of wealthy nations, who fund the organization, with the demands of poorer member countries, who hold the majority of votes. In The World Health Organization between North and South, Nitsan Chorev shows how the WHO bureaucracy has succeeded not only in avoiding having its agenda co-opted by either coalition of member states but also in reaching a consensus that fit the bureaucracy's own principles and interests. Chorev assesses the response of the WHO bureaucracy to member-state pressure in two particularly contentious moments: when during the 1970's and early 1980's developing countries forcefully called for a more equal international economic order, and when in the 1990's the United States and other wealthy countries demanded international organizations adopt neoliberal economic reforms. In analyzing these two periods, Chorev demonstrates how strategic maneuvering made it possible for a vulnerable bureaucracy to preserve a relatively autonomous agenda, promote a consistent set of values, and protect its interests in the face of challenges from developing and developed countries alike.

Public health --- World health. --- Global health --- International health --- Medical geography --- International agencies --- Medical assistance --- Public health laws, International --- World health --- International cooperation. --- International cooperation --- World Health Organization. --- Wereldgezondheidsorganisatie --- World health organization