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This volume presents English, French, and Spanish words, phrases, and names of institutions most commonly encountered in IMF documents.

03 --- International finance --- -ES / Spain - Spanje - Espagne --- FR / France - Frankrijk --- 032 --- -332.152 --- 413 --- Aa1 --- International monetary system --- International money --- Finance --- International economic relations --- 03 Encyclopedieën. Naslagwerken--(Algemene) --- Encyclopedieën. Naslagwerken--(Algemene) --- Dictionaries --- -Polyglot --- Woordenboeken in vreemde talen. --- Polyglot --- IMF --- International Monetary Fund --- -Internationaal monetair fonds --- International monetary fund --- -Polyglot. --- Woordenboeken in vreemde talen --- -Dictionaries --- Economic sectors --- Economics of specific sectors --- Economics --- Economics: General --- Informal Economy --- Informal sector --- Monetary economics --- Monetary Policy --- Monetary policy --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Underground Econom

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This superb historical and ethnographic study of the political economy of the Vega Baja region of Spain, one of the European Union's "Regional Economies," takes up the difficult question of how to understand the growing alienation ordinary working people feel in the face of globalization. Combining rich oral histories with a sophisticated and nuanced structural understanding of changing political economies, the authors examine the growing divide between government and its citizens in a region that has in the last four decades been transformed from a primarily agricultural economy to a primarily industrial one. Offering a new form of ethnography appropriate for the study of suprastate polities and a globalized economy, Immediate Struggles contributes to our understanding of one region as well as the way we think about changing class relations, modes of production, and cultural practices in a newly emerging Europe. The authors also consider how phenomena such as the "informal economy" and "black market" are not marginal to the normal operation of state and economic institutions but are intertwined with both.

Ethnology --- Cultural anthropology --- Ethnography --- Races of man --- Social anthropology --- Anthropology --- Human beings --- Bajo Segura (Spain) --- Segura (Spain) --- Vega Baja del Segura (Spain) --- Economic conditions. --- Rural conditions. --- Anthropologie sociale et culturelle --- Bajo Segura (Espagne) --- Conditions rurales --- Conditions économiques --- agriculture. --- alienation. --- cultural practices. --- ethnographers. --- ethnography. --- europe. --- global economy. --- globalization. --- government and governing. --- historians. --- historical perspective. --- industrial economy. --- informal economy. --- nonfiction. --- oral histories. --- political economies. --- political economy. --- power struggles. --- regional economies. --- rural landscape. --- social impact. --- spain. --- spanish culture. --- spanish politics. --- spanish society. --- vega baja region. --- working class.

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This paper explores the macroeconomic impacts of labor and product market deregulation using a small open-economy model with formal and informal markets. We examine both the long-run effects and the transition towards the post-reform equilibrium, while our main focus are reform packages and sequencing. The unofficial sector is a major determinant of the sign, and, in particular, the magnitude of responses. South Africa, an emerging country, is considered when Bayesian estimating the model. Regarding the long run, both labor and product market reforms considerably increase output, although labor market reforms are more successful in decreasing unemployment. Nevertheless, there are short-term costs, for example, a decrease in household consumption, net exports or output, or a decrease in competition. Combining reforms, especially with product market deregulation, are good at reducing short-term costs. Finally, concerning the speed of adjustment, it is usually better to start with a labor market reform.

Informal sector (Economics) --- Hidden economy --- Parallel economy --- Second economy --- Shadow economy --- Subterranean economy --- Underground economy --- Artisans --- Economics --- Small business --- E-books --- Finance: General --- Labor --- Informal Economy --- Underground Econom --- Labor Economics Policies --- Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search --- Demand and Supply of Labor: General --- Employment --- Unemployment --- Wages --- Intergenerational Income Distribution --- Aggregate Human Capital --- Aggregate Labor Productivity --- Labour --- income economics --- Finance --- Commodity markets --- Labor market reforms --- Labor markets --- Financial markets --- Commodity exchanges --- Manpower policy --- Labor market --- Economic theory --- South Africa --- Income economics

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This paper analyzes the appropriate choice of an exchange rate regime in agricultural commodity-exporting economies. In an open economy model that incorporates key structural characteristics of agricultural commodity exporters including dual labor markets, the benefits of exchange rate flexibility are shown to depend on the extent of labor and product market development. With developed markets, flexible exchange rates are preferred as they allow for greater relative price fluctuations, which amplify the transmission mechanism of labor reallocation upon commodity price volatility. When labor and product markets are not welldeveloped, however, international relative price adjustments exacerbate currency and factor misalignments. A nominal exchange rate peg, by mitigating relative wage and price fluctuations, increases welfare relative to a float. Given the current low level of labor and product market development across most agricultural commodity exporters, the study provides a counterpoint to conventional arguments in favor of flexible exchange rates and a rationale as to why exchange rate targeting is appropriate in agricultural economies.

Foreign exchange rates --- Commerce --- Trade --- Economics --- Business --- Transportation --- Exchange rates --- Fixed exchange rates --- Flexible exchange rates --- Floating exchange rates --- Fluctuating exchange rates --- Foreign exchange --- Rates of exchange --- Rates --- E-books --- Traffic (Commerce) --- Merchants --- Macroeconomics --- Economics: General --- Investments: Commodities --- Foreign Exchange --- Labor --- Finance: General --- Informal Economy --- Underground Econom --- Commodity Markets --- Demand and Supply of Labor: General --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Macroeconomics: Consumption --- Saving --- Wealth --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Economics of specific sectors --- Investment & securities --- Currency --- Labour --- income economics --- Finance --- Financial crises --- Economic sectors --- Commodities --- Labor markets --- Exchange rate flexibility --- Commodity markets --- Financial markets --- Consumption --- National accounts --- Currency crises --- Informal sector --- Commercial products --- Labor market --- Commodity exchanges --- Burkina Faso --- Income economics

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In The Devil behind the Mirror, Steven Gregory provides a compelling and intimate account of the impact that transnational processes associated with globalization are having on the lives and livelihoods of people in the Dominican Republic. Grounded in ethnographic fieldwork conducted in the adjacent towns of Boca Chica and Andrés, Gregory's study deftly demonstrates how transnational flows of capital, culture, and people are mediated by contextually specific power relations, politics, and history. He explores such topics as the informal economy, the making of a telenova, sex tourism, and racism and discrimination against Haitians, who occupy the lowest rung on the Dominican economic ladder. Innovative, beautifully written, and now updated with a new preface, The Devil behind the Mirror masterfully situates the analysis of global economic change in everyday lives.

Dominican Republic -- Economic conditions -- 1961-. --- Dominican Republic -- Foreign economic relations. --- Dominican Republic -- Social conditions -- 1961-. --- Globalization -- Dominican Republic. --- Globalization -- Political aspects -- Dominican Republic. --- Tourism -- Dominican Republic. --- Globalization --- Tourism --- Political aspects --- Dominican Republic --- Foreign economic relations. --- Economic conditions --- Social conditions --- Holiday industry --- Operators, Tour (Industry) --- Tour operators (Industry) --- Tourism industry --- Tourism operators (Industry) --- Tourist industry --- Tourist trade --- Tourist traffic --- Travel industry --- Visitor industry --- Global cities --- Globalisation --- Internationalization --- Economic aspects --- República Dominicana --- République dominicaine --- Quisqueya --- San Domingo --- Service industries --- National tourism organizations --- Travel --- International relations --- Anti-globalization movement --- ドミニカ共和国 --- Dominika Kyōwakoku --- Dominikaaninen tasavalta --- Dominikanska republiken --- Dominikanische Republik --- רפובליקה הדומיניקנית --- Republiḳah ha-Dominiḳanit --- Santo Domingo (Spanish colony) --- E-books --- andres. --- boca chica. --- capital. --- caribbean islands. --- caribbean. --- central america. --- culture. --- discrimination. --- dominican republic. --- economy of difference. --- ethnographic fieldwork. --- gender studies. --- gender. --- global economic change. --- globalization. --- government and governing. --- haiti. --- haitians. --- hispaniola. --- history. --- identity politics. --- imagination. --- impact of transnationalism. --- informal economy. --- livelihood. --- masculinity. --- politics. --- poverty. --- power and wealth. --- power relations. --- racism. --- sex tourism. --- telenova. --- transnational capital. --- transnational.