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From animal rights to anti-abortion, from tax resistance to anti-poverty, activists from across the political spectrum often deliberately break the law to further their causes. While not behaviors common to hardened or self-seeking criminals, the staging of civil disobedience, non-violent resistance, and direct action can nevertheless trigger a harsh response from law enforcement, with those arrested risking jail time and criminal records. Crimes of Dissent features the voices of these activists, presenting a fascinating insider’s look at the motivations, costs and consequences of deliberately violating the law as a strategy of social change.Crimes of Dissent provides readers with an in-depth understanding of why activists break the law, and what happens to them when they do. Using dynamic examples, both historic and recent, Jarret Lovell explores how seasoned protesters are handled and treated by the criminal justice system, shedding light on the intersection between the political and the criminal. By adopting the unique vantage of the street-level activist, Crimes of Dissent provides a fascinating view of protest from the ground, giving voice to those who refuse to remain silent by risking punishment for their political actions.

Crime --- Social movements --- Civil disobedience --- change. --- consequences. --- costs. --- deliberately. --- fascinating. --- insiders. --- look. --- motivations. --- social. --- strategy. --- violating.

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Philosophes --- Philosophers, Ancient --- Philosophes anciens --- Socrates --- Trials, litigation, etc. --- Athens (Greece) --- Athènes (Grèce) --- History --- Histoire --- large public, enseignement secondaire et supérieur ; les conséquences de la mort de Socrate dans la démocratie athénienne --- Philosophes - Grece - Biographies.

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Entre 1500 et 1950, beaucoup d'Européens s'en sont allés peupler les nouveaux mondes. Après la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, la décolonisation politique des anciens empires coloniaux causa un mouvement inverse et entraîna l'exode des populations d'origine européenne associées au pouvoir colonial. Le phénomène, important par son ampleur et ses effets indirects, par ses conséquences sur les pays d'accueil comme sur les territoires de départ, offre des caractères généraux mais présente aussi des spécificités nationales. Contrairement à l'immigration de fortes minorités d'étrangers enregistrée par tous les grands pays industriels européens, les mouvements massifs du rapatriement et de ses effets demeurent peu étudiés et mal connus. Des chercheurs européens dont les Etats furent concernés par ce phénomène migratoire, ont essayé de remédier à cette lacune. Chacun d'entre eux s'est efforcé de faire le point sur la question, en retenant les axes de recherche suivants : - composition démographique et socio-économique des communautés au moment où elles vont être affectées par les décolonisations politiques. - étude quantitative des flux, par pays et par catégories de population. Périodisation des flux migratoires. - législations respectives d'accueil, d'insertion et d'indemnisation des rapatriés. - les communautés réinstallées. Quelques aspects des effets perceptibles dans les pays d'accueil.

Repatriation --- Rapatriement --- Dekolonisation --- Descolonização --- Decolonization --- Décolonisation --- History --- Histoire --- Europe --- Emigration and immigration --- Emigration et immigration --- 20th century --- European federation --- DECOLONISATION --- EUROPE --- HISTOIRE UNIVERSELLE --- DEMOGRAPHIE --- EMIGRATION ET IMMIGRATION --- CONDITIONS SOCIALES --- CAUSES ET CONSEQUENCES --- HISTOIRE --- 20E SIECLE --- POPULATION --- VIE SOCIALE --- Émigration et immigration

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Contrary to the stereotype of the “strong Black woman,” African American women are more plagued by domestic violence than any other racial group in the United States. In fact, African American women experience intimate partner violence at a rate 35% higher than white women and about two and a half times more than women of other races and ethnicities. This common portrayal can hinder black women seeking help and support simply because those on the outside don't think help is needed. Yet, as Hillary Potter argues in Battle Cries: Black Women and Intimate Partner Abuse, this stereotype often helps these African American women to resist and to verbally and physically retaliate against their abusers. Thanks to this generalization, Potter observes, black women are less inclined to label themselves as “victims” and more inclined to fight back.Battle Cries is an eye-opening examination of African American women's experiences with intimate partner abuse, the methods used to contend with abusive mates, and the immediate and enduring consequences resulting from the maltreatment. Based on intensive interviews with 40 African American women abused by their male partners, Potter's analysis takes into account variations in their experiences based on socioeconomic class, education level, and age, and discusses the common abuses and perceptions they share. Combining her remarkable findings with black feminist thought and critical race theory, Potter offers a unique and significant window through which we can better understand this understudied though rampant social problem.

Abused women --- African American women --- Intimate partner violence --- Battered women --- Victims of crimes --- Women --- Battered woman syndrome --- Afro-American women --- Women, African American --- Women, Negro --- IPV (Intimate partner violence) --- Partner violence, Intimate --- Violence --- Abuse of --- Domestic violence --- African. --- American. --- abuse. --- abusive. --- consequences. --- contend. --- enduring. --- examination. --- experiences. --- eye-opening. --- from. --- immediate. --- intimate. --- maltreatment. --- mates. --- methods. --- partner. --- resulting. --- used. --- with. --- womens.

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We study the process of external adjustment to large terms-of-trade level shifts—identified with a Markov-switching approach—for a large set of countries during the period 1960–2015. We find that adjustment to these shocks is relatively fast. Current accounts experience, on average, a contemporaneous variation of only about ½ of the magnitude of the price shock—indicating a significant volume offset—and a full adjustment within 3–4 years. Dynamics are largely symmetric for terms-of-trade booms and busts, as well as for advanced and emerging market economies. External adjustment is driven primarily by offsetting shifts in domestic demand, as opposed to variations in output (also reflected in the response of import rather than export volumes), indicating a strong income channel at play. Exchange rate flexibility appears to have played an important buffering role during booms, but less so during busts; while international reserve holdings have been a key tool for smoothing the adjustment process.

Business cycles --- Business cycles. --- Economic cycles --- Economic fluctuations --- Cycles --- Econometric models. --- Exports and Imports --- Foreign Exchange --- Information Management --- Current Account Adjustment --- Short-term Capital Movements --- Open Economy Macroeconomics --- International Business Cycles --- Technological Change: Choices and Consequences --- Diffusion Processes --- Knowledge management --- International economics --- Currency --- Foreign exchange --- Technology transfer --- Current account --- Exchange rate arrangements --- Adjustment process --- Exchange rate flexibility --- Technology --- Balance of payments --- United States