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City-states --- Cities and towns --- Federal government --- Municipal government --- Political science --- State, The --- City states --- to 1800

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Germany --- Politics and government --- To 1517 --- Palatinate (Germany) --- Politics and government --- City-states --- Germany --- Palatinate (Germany)

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This 2007 study explores how modern scholars came to write Greek history from a Eurocentric perspective and challenges orthodox readings of Greek history as part of the history of the West. Since the Greeks lacked a national state or a unified society, economy or culture, the polis has helped to create a homogenising national narrative. This book re-examines old polarities such as those between the Greek poleis and Eastern monarchies, or between the ancient consumer and the modern producer city, in order to show the fallacies of standard approaches. It argues for the relevance of Aristotle's concept of the polis, which is interpreted in an intriguing manner. Finally, it proposes an alternative way of looking at Greek history as part of a Mediterranean world-system. This interdisciplinary study engages with debates on globalisation, nationalism, Orientalism and history writing, while also debating developments in classical studies.

City-states --- History --- Cities and towns --- Federal government --- Municipal government --- Political science --- State, The --- Greece --- Historiography. --- Arts and Humanities

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Environmental planning --- History --- City-states --- Sovereignty --- Cités-Etats --- Souveraineté --- Histoire --- #A0511PSA --- Cités-Etats --- Souveraineté --- Cities and towns --- Federal government --- Municipal government --- Political science --- State, The --- History.

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Entre 1577 et 1585, plusieurs villes de Flandre et du Brabant s’instituent en des régimes insurrectionnels que les historiens désignent par le terme de ‘Républiques calvinistes’. Les anciens magistrats sont écartés des rouages du pouvoir, au profit de nouveaux conseils épris d’autonomie urbaine et proches des milieux réformés. Ces structures originales se figent peu à peu en de véritables bastions calvinistes, allant jusqu’à interdire l’exercice du culte catholique. Les assises politiques et religieuses des villes en question s’en trouvent bouleversées. Les répercussions sur la vie socio-économique et sur la production culturelle sont elles aussi multiples et profondes. La parenthèse des Républiques calvinistes se ferme en 1584/85 avec la reconquête par Alexandre Farnèse de ces avant-postes de la résistance au roi d’Espagne. Cet ouvrage comble une lacune importante dans la recherche historique. Il met en évidence les liens étroits entre revendications religieuses, enjeux politiques et tensions sociales qui caractérisent les troubles du 16e siècle. Il replace aussi les Républiques calvinistes de Flandre et du Brabant dans une longue tradition de révoltes urbaines et d’idées républicaines. Enfin, il étend l’analyse au contexte européen plus large, en établissant des corrélations avec la France des Guerres de religion.

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