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This book deals with the current economic policy of the People's Republic of China. In addition to a brief overview of the economic history since the founding and the economic models, an overview of both the forms of enterprises and the Chinese labor market is given. The book pays particular attention to the development of China's e-commerce sector. Equally significant are China's environmental issues against the backdrop of the climate crisis. Without innovations, for example in energy production and waste management, the Chinese economy will hardly be able to continue growing. Therefore, one focus of the book is on environmental economic policy. Finally, foreign policy, including the Silk Road Initiative, is examined. The aim of this book is to highlight the above developments. It is aimed at practitioners involved in China business as well as first-year students who want an overview of economic policy institutions and current developments. The content State structure and actors of the economy Current economic development Labour market E-commerce Food, environment and energy policy International Relations The Editor Barbara Darimont is Professor of China Economics at the East Asia Institute of the Ludwigshafen University of Applied Sciences. Before that, she worked for ten years at the Max Planck Institute for Social Law in Munich, where she set up the China Department with renowned Chinese institutions. This book is a translation of an original German edition. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation.

Economic policy. --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Economics --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- Social sciences—Mathematics. --- Mathematics in Business, Economics and Finance.

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The book offers an introduction to the technical foundation of decentralized insurance models, for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students and practitioners. The book is self-contained and anyone with a basic knowledge of probability and statistics should be able to follow through the entire book. It adopts a minimalist approach to describe the essential elements and first principles so that readers can get a gist of these models without being overwhelmed with too much technicality. It can be used as a reference for business model designs. The inclusion of exercises and practical examples makes the book suitable for advanced courses on decentralized insurance and risk sharing. There is a mix of industry practices and academic models presented in this book. The exposition starts with an overview of historic and current business practices and preliminaries on the mathematics and economics of risk and insurance. A bird's-eye view of traditional insurance is provided as a benchmark for various topics to be used in contrast with decentralized insurance. The book then continues with decentralized insurance practices around the world, including online mutual aid originated in China, takaful from the Islamic world, peer-to-peer insurance in the West, catastrophe risk pooling for Caribbean countries, etc. Theories of aggregate risk pooling and peer-to-peer risk exchanges are provided for readers to appreciate the mathematical foundation of risk sharing. A unified framework of decentralized insurance is presented to show a structured approach to the economic design of decentralized business models. The book ends with a technical review of blockchain and decentralized finance (DeFi) insurance applications.

Statistical science --- Mathematical statistics --- Probability theory --- waarschijnlijkheidstheorie --- statistiek --- Social sciences—Mathematics. --- Probabilities. --- Statistics. --- Mathematics in Business, Economics and Finance. --- Applied Probability. --- Applied Statistics. --- Assegurances --- Estadística matemàtica --- Models matemàtics --- Finance --- Business & Economics --- Insurance --- Statistical methods. --- Mathematical models.

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This 2nd edition, revised and extended compendium contains and explains essential mathematical formulas within an economic context. Newly added content focuses on financial mathematics, now including an international comparison between different national methods used in the calculation of interest. Further, the annuity calculation now contains unique content. A broad range of aids and supportive examples will help readers to understand the formulas and their practical applications. This mathematical formulary is presented in a practice-oriented, clear, and understandable manner, as it is needed for meaningful and relevant application in global business, as well as in the academic setting and economic practice. The topics presented include, but are not limited to: mathematical signs and symbols, logic, arithmetic, algebra, linear algebra, combinatorics, financial mathematics, optimisation of linear models, functions, differential calculus, integral calculus, elasticities, economic functions, and the Peren Theorem. Given its scope, the book offers an indispensable reference guide and is a must-read for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as managers, scholars, and lecturers in business, politics, and economics.

Econometrics. --- Business mathematics. --- Social sciences—Mathematics. --- Statistics. --- Quantitative Economics. --- Business Mathematics. --- Mathematics in Business, Economics and Finance. --- Statistics in Business, Management, Economics, Finance, Insurance. --- Economics, Mathematical --- Statistics --- Statistical analysis --- Statistical data --- Statistical methods --- Statistical science --- Mathematics --- Econometrics --- Arithmetic, Commercial --- Business --- Business arithmetic --- Business math --- Commercial arithmetic --- Finance

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Quantitative methods in social research --- Mathematical statistics --- Quantitative methods (economics) --- Social sciences --- Mathematics --- Congresses --- Methodology --- -Social sciences --- -316:303 --- #SBIB:303H520 --- #SBIB:303H61 --- Behavioral sciences --- Human sciences --- Sciences, Social --- Social science --- Social studies --- Civilization --- -Congresses --- Mathematical models --- Methoden der sociologie --zie {303} --- Methoden sociale wetenschappen: techniek van de analyse, algemeen --- Wiskundige methoden en technieken --- Congresses. --- 316:303 Methoden der sociologie --zie {303} --- 316:303 --- Mathematical models&delete& --- Methodology&delete& --- Social sciences - Mathematics - Congresses --- Social sciences - Methodology - Congresses

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Predicting the future for financial gain is a difficult, sometimes profitable activity. The focus of this book is the application of biologically inspired algorithms (BIAs) to financial modelling. In a detailed introduction, the authors explain computer trading on financial markets and the difficulties faced in financial market modelling. Then Part I provides a thorough guide to the various bioinspired methodologies – neural networks, evolutionary computing (particularly genetic algorithms and grammatical evolution), particle swarm and ant colony optimization, and immune systems. Part II brings the reader through the development of market trading systems. Finally, Part III examines real-world case studies where BIA methodologies are employed to construct trading systems in equity and foreign exchange markets, and for the prediction of corporate bond ratings and corporate failures. The book was written for those in the finance community who want to apply BIAs in financial modelling, and for computer scientists who want an introduction to this growing application domain.

Finance --- Computer algorithms. --- Mathematical models. --- Algorithms --- Information theory. --- Finance. --- Computer simulation. --- Operations research. --- Computer science. --- Theory of Computation. --- Finance, general. --- Simulation and Modeling. --- Quantitative Finance. --- Operations Research/Decision Theory. --- Computer Applications. --- Informatics --- Science --- Operational analysis --- Operational research --- Industrial engineering --- Management science --- Research --- System theory --- Computer modeling --- Computer models --- Modeling, Computer --- Models, Computer --- Simulation, Computer --- Electromechanical analogies --- Mathematical models --- Simulation methods --- Model-integrated computing --- Funding --- Funds --- Economics --- Currency question --- Communication theory --- Communication --- Cybernetics --- Computers. --- Economics, Mathematical . --- Decision making. --- Application software. --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software --- Deciding --- Decision (Psychology) --- Decision analysis --- Decision processes --- Making decisions --- Management --- Management decisions --- Choice (Psychology) --- Problem solving --- Mathematical economics --- Econometrics --- Mathematics --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic brains --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Computer systems --- Machine theory --- Calculators --- Cyberspace --- Decision making --- Methodology --- Social sciences—Mathematics. --- Financial Economics. --- Computer Modelling. --- Mathematics in Business, Economics and Finance. --- Operations Research and Decision Theory. --- Computer and Information Systems Applications.