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Mosquito Ecology: Field Sampling Methods is the Third Edition of this popular reference work, originally devised and written by Professor M W Service and now updated by John B Silver. The purpose of the third edition is in keeping with the original vision of Professor Service to describe the methods and rationale for sampling mosquitoes, with particular emphasis on the ecology and behaviour of those species that play a role as vectors of human and animal diseases and infections. The book is designed to serve as a practical reference for field entomologists and mosquito control specialists and describes the sampling methods and available trapping technologies and tools for the collection of all life-stages of mosquitoes, from egg to adult. It also describes the techniques available for data analysis and discusses ecological principles of relevance to the study of field populations of mosquitoes. While concentrating primarily on mosquitoes, many of the techniques described are suitable for the study of other Diptera, including Ceratopogonidae, Chironomidae, Simuliidae, Phlebotominae, etc.

Culicidae --- Animal population --- life cycle --- Sampling --- trapping --- population dynamics --- Population distribution --- Foraging --- blood --- Vectors --- Epidemiology

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Indians of North America --- Hunting, Prehistoric --- American bison hunting --- Hunting, Primitive --- Hunting and foraging, Prehistoric --- Hunting and gathering, Prehistoric --- Prehistoric hunting --- Bison hunting --- Buffalo hunting --- Big game hunting --- Antiquities. --- History. --- Hunting.

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At birdfeeders and in backyards across North America, the dark-eyed junco, or snowbird, can be found foraging for its next meal. With an estimated population of at least 630 million, juncos inhabit forests, parks, and even suburban habitats, making them one of the continent's most abundant and easily observable songbirds. But while common and widespread, juncos also exhibit extraordinary diversity in color, shape, size, and behavior across their range, making them ideal study subjects for biologists interested in ecology and evolutionary diversification. Intended for scholars, citizen scientists, and amateur ornithologists, alike, Snowbird synthesizes decades of research from the diverse and talented researchers who study the Junco genus. Though contributors approach their subject from a variety of perspectives, they share a common goal: elucidating the organismal and evolutionary processes by which animals adapt and diversify in response to environmental change. Placing special emphasis on the important role that underlying physiological, hormonal, and behavioral mechanisms play in these processes, Snowbird not only provides a definitive exploration of the junco's evolutionary history and behavioral and physiological diversity but also underscores the junco's continued importance as a model organism in a time of rapid global climate change. By merging often disparate biological fields, Snowbird offers biologists across disciplines an integrative framework for further research into adaptation, population divergence, and the formation of new species.

Juncos. --- biology, biological, evolution, evolutionary, diversity, junco, academic, scholarly, research, professor, college, university, naturalist, birds, bird watcher, foraging, forager, backyard, america, american, species, avian, birdfeeder, habitat, forest, suburban, songbird, common, behavior, animals, birding, ecology, adaptation, ornithology, ornithologist, genus, essay collection.

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The Biology of Sharks and Rays is a comprehensive resource on the biological and physiological characteristics of the cartilaginous fishes: sharks, rays, and chimaeras. In sixteen chapters, organized by theme, A. Peter Klimley covers a broad spectrum of topics, including taxonomy, morphology, ecology, and physiology. For example, he explains the body design of sharks and why the ridged, toothlike denticles that cover their entire bodies are present on only part of the rays' bodies and are absent from those of chimaeras. Another chapter explores the anatomy of the jaws and the role of the muscles and teeth in jaw extension, seizure, and handling of prey. The chapters are richly illustrated with pictures of sharks, diagrams of sensory organs, drawings of the body postures of sharks during threat and reproductive displays, and maps showing the extent of the species' foraging range and long-distance migrations. Each chapter commences with an anecdote from the author about his own personal experience with the topic, followed by thought-provoking questions and a list of recommended readings in the scientific literature. The book will be a useful textbook for advanced ichthyology students as well as an encyclopedic source for those seeking a greater understanding of these fascinating creatures.

Sharks --- Rays (Fishes) --- Rajiformes --- Anatomy. --- Behavior. --- biological, science, scientific, marine, aquatic, academic, scholarly, classroom, college, university, higher ed, educational, textbook, research, predators, conservation, wildlife, fish, physiology, physiological, traits, characteristics, cartilaginous, chimaera, taxonomy, morphology, ecology, denticles, teeth, prey, diagram, photos, organs, reproduction, foraging, migration, species, encyclopedia, anatomy.

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Shorebirds are model organisms for illustrating the principles of ecology and excellent subjects for research. Their mating systems are as diverse as any avian group, their migrations push the limits of endurance, and their foraging is easily studied in the open habitats of estuaries and freshwater wetlands. This comprehensive text explores the ecology, conservation, and management of these fascinating birds. Beginning chapters examine phylogenetic relationships between shorebirds and other birds, and cover shorebird morphology, anatomy, and physiology. A section on breeding biology looks in detail at their reproductive biology. Because shorebirds spend much of their time away from breeding areas, a substantial section on non-breeding biology covers migration, foraging ecology, and social behavior. The text also covers shorebird demography, population size, and management issues related to habitat, predators, and human disturbances. Throughout, it emphasizes applying scientific knowledge to the conservation of shorebird populations, many of which are unfortunately in decline.

Shore birds --- Birds --- Conservation. --- animal population. --- animals. --- avian group. --- avian. --- biology. --- birds. --- breeding areas. --- breeding biology. --- breeding. --- conservation. --- earth sciences. --- ecology. --- environment. --- environmentalism. --- estuaries. --- foraging. --- freshwater. --- habitat. --- life sciences. --- migration. --- nature. --- nonfiction. --- ornithology. --- predators. --- reproductive biology. --- science. --- shorebirds. --- social behavior. --- wetlands. --- wildlife. --- zoology.