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This study examines the changing motives and patterns of conscientious objection as well as state policies toward objectors in the Western world.

Conscientious objection. --- Draft resisters. --- Dodgers, Draft --- Draft dodgers --- Resisters, Draft --- Persons --- Military ethics --- War --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Draft evaders --- Evaders, Draft

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Masculinities, militarisation and the End Conscription Campaign explores the gendered dynamics of apartheid-era South Africa's militarisation and analyses the defiance of compulsory military service by individual white men, and the anti-apartheid activism of the white men and women in the End Conscription Campaign (ECC), the most significant white anti-apartheid movement to happen in South Africa. Military conscription and objection to it are conceptualised as gendered acts of citizenship and premised on and constitutive of masculinities. Conway draws upon a range of materials and disciplines to produce this socio-political study. Sources include interviews with white men who objected to military service in the South African Defence Force (SADF); archival material, including military intelligence surveillance of the ECC; ECC campaigning material, press reports and other pro-state propaganda. The analysis is informed by perspectives in sociology, international relations, history and from work on contemporary militarised societies such as those in Israel and Turkey. This book also explores the interconnections between militarisation, sexuality, race, homophobia and political authoritarianism.

Masculinity --- Sociology, Military --- Draft resisters --- Anti-apartheid movements --- Dodgers, Draft --- Draft dodgers --- Resisters, Draft --- Persons --- Military sociology --- Armed Forces --- Armies --- Peace --- War --- War and society --- Masculinity (Psychology) --- Sex (Psychology) --- Men --- Civil rights movements --- Apartheid --- History. --- End Conscription Campaign (South Africa) --- ECC --- South Africa --- Politics and government --- Social conditions --- Draft evaders --- Evaders, Draft --- 1984 Citizenship Act. --- End Conscription Campaign. --- South Africa's militarisation. --- anti-apartheid activism. --- apartheid-era. --- compulsory military service. --- feminist activism. --- homophobia. --- peace movement. --- political authoritarianism. --- pre-1994 South African society. --- progressive militarisation. --- radical political subjectivities. --- transformative political act. --- transgressive sub-cultural space. --- war making. --- white femininity. --- white masculinity.