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Castration and castrati have always been facets of western culture, from myth and legend to law and theology, from eunuchs guarding harems to the seventeenth and eighteenth-century castrati singers. Metaphoric castration pervades a number of medieval literary genres, particularly the Old French fabliaux - exchanges of power predicated upon the exchange or absence of sexual desire signified by genitalia - but the plain, literal act of castration and its implications are often overlooked. This collection explores this often taboo subject and its implications for cultural mores and custom in Western Europe, seeking to demystify and demythologize castration. Its subjects include archaeological studies of eunuchs; historical accounts of castration in trials of combat; the mutilation of political rivals in medieval Wales; Anglo-Saxon and Frisian legal and literary examples of castration as punishment; castration as comedy in the Old French fabliaux; the prohibition against genital mutilation in hagiography; and early-modern anxieties about punitive castration enacted on the Elizabethan stage. The introduction reflects on these topics in the context of arguably the most well-known victim of castration in the middle ages, Abelard. Larissa Tracy is Associate Professor of Medieval Literature at Longwood University. Contributors: Larissa Tracy, Kathryn Reusch, Shaun Tougher, Jack Collins, Rolf H. Bremmer Jr, Jay Paul Gates, Charlene M. Eska, Mary A. Valante, Anthony Adams, Mary E. Leech, Jed Chandler, Ellen Lorraine Friedrich, Robert L.A. Clark, Karin Sellberg, Lena Wånggren

Literature, Medieval --- Castration in literature. --- Castration. --- Civilization, Medieval. --- History and criticism. --- Civilization, Medieval --- Medieval civilization --- Middle Ages --- Civilization --- Chivalry --- Renaissance --- Emasculation --- Gonadectomy --- Animal contraception --- Male contraception --- Sterilization (Birth control) --- Testis --- Veterinary surgery --- History --- Surgery --- Abelard. --- Archaeology. --- Castrati Singers. --- Cultural Mores. --- Cultural mores. --- Culture. --- Custom. --- Demystify. --- Demythologize. --- Eunuchs. --- Gender Studies. --- Genitalia. --- Harems. --- Law. --- Literal castration. --- Literary Motifs. --- Medieval Castration. --- Metaphoric castration. --- Middle Ages. --- Old French Fabliaux. --- Old French fabliaux. --- Punishment. --- Taboo subject. --- Western Europe. --- Eunuchs --- History.

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The essays in this volume reflect on the nature of subjectivity in the diverse places where anthropologists work at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Contributors explore everyday modes of social and psychological experience, the constitution of the subject, and forms of subjection that shape the lives of Basque youth, Indonesian artists, members of nongovernmental HIV/AIDS programs in China and the Republic of Congo, psychiatrists and the mentally ill in Morocco and Ireland, and persons who have suffered trauma or been displaced by violence in the Middle East and in South and Southeast Asia. Painting on book jacket by Entang Wiharso

Vulnerable Populations --- Socioeconomic Factors. --- Social Medicine. --- Politics. --- Cross-Cultural Comparison. --- Colonialism. --- Anthropology --- Subjectivity. --- Globalization --- Colonization --- Diseases --- Medical anthropology. --- Subjectivism --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Relativity --- Colonisation --- Imperialism --- Land settlement --- Colonies --- Decolonization --- Emigration and immigration --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Transcultural Studies --- Comparison, Cross-Cultural --- Comparisons, Cross-Cultural --- Cross Cultural Comparison --- Cross-Cultural Comparisons --- Studies, Transcultural --- Study, Transcultural --- Transcultural Study --- Cultural Characteristics --- Culture --- Conservatism --- Decentralization --- Liberalism --- Political Factors --- Voting --- Political Activity --- Activities, Political --- Activity, Political --- Factor, Political --- Factors, Political --- Political Activities --- Political Factor --- Dissent and Disputes --- Medicine, Social --- Public Health --- Factors, Socioeconomic --- High-Income Population --- Land Tenure --- Standard of Living --- Social Inequalities --- Social Inequality --- Factor, Socioeconomic --- High Income Population --- High-Income Populations --- Inequalities, Social --- Inequality, Social --- Living Standard --- Living Standards --- Population, High-Income --- Populations, High-Income --- Socioeconomic Factor --- Tenure, Land --- Economics --- psychology. --- methods. --- Social aspects. --- Anthropological aspects --- aids. --- alterity. --- anthropology. --- asylum. --- balkan territory. --- burma. --- colonialism. --- conspiracy. --- constitution of the subject. --- emasculation. --- gender studies. --- haiti. --- history. --- human rights abuses. --- indonesia. --- infant death. --- infectious disease. --- interpretive politics. --- intervention. --- ireland. --- israel and palestine. --- lombok. --- madness. --- marginality. --- medical anthropology. --- medical. --- migrants. --- political. --- postcolonialism. --- psychiatry. --- republic of congo. --- southwest china. --- spain. --- subjection. --- subjectivity. --- vietnam. --- vietnamese refugees. --- violence.