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Based on newly available and extensive archival evidence, this book traces the history of international news agencies and associations around the world from 1848 to 1947. Jonathan Silberstein-Loeb argues that newspaper publishers formed news associations and patronized news agencies to cut the costs of news collection and exclude competitors from gaining access to the news. In this way, cooperation facilitated the distribution of news. The extent to which state regulation permitted cooperation, or prohibited exclusivity, determined the benefit newspaper publishers derived from these organizations. This book revises our understanding of the operation and organization of the Associated Press, the BBC, the Press Association, Reuters, and the United Press. It also sheds light on the history of competition policy respecting the press, intellectual property, and the regulation of telecommunications.

Agences de presse --- Presse --- News agencies --- Foreign news --- Press law --- Histoire --- Droit --- History. --- Associated press --- Reuters --- Associated Press --- Press Association (Great Britain) --- Reuters Limited --- Histoire. --- Flow of news, International --- International flow of news --- International news --- News, Foreign --- News flow, International --- World news --- Journalism --- Press --- News-gathering organizations --- News services --- News wire services --- Wire services --- Newspapers --- History --- Reuters ltd. --- Reuter's Agency --- Reuters News Agency --- PA (Great Britain) --- AP --- A.P. --- New England Associated Press

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Winner of the Pulitzer Prize in History, the National Book Award for Nonfiction, the George Bancroft Prize, and the Francis Parkman Prize, this absorbing volume explores the complexities of the Soviet-American relationship between the November Revolution of 1917 and Russia's final departure in March 1918 from the ranks of the warring powers.These four months, which witnessed the Bolshevik Revolution and Russia's departure from the warring powers, set the stage for future relations between the two emerging superpowers. Volume 2 of Soviet American Relations, entitled The Decision to Intervene (Princeton, 1958), explored U.S. intervention in northern Russia and Siberia between 1918 and 1920.The distinguished scholar and public servant George F. Kennan opens the way to an understanding not only of these events but of the subsequent pattern of Soviet-American relations and the complex process of international diplomacy generally. Kennan became the U.S. government's key analyst of the Soviet Union after a two-year stint in the Foreign Service there (1944-1946), which had been preceded by service in the American embassy in Moscow before World War II. His "long telegram" to his superiors at the State Department, written in 1946 and published a year later in revised form in Foreign Affairs as the famous "X" article, was perhaps the most influential statement in the early years of the Cold War. After leaving the Foreign Service, Kennan joined the faculty at the School for Historical Studies at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, where he wrote Russia Leaves the War and subsequent books.

War. --- Armed conflict (War) --- Conflict, Armed (War) --- Fighting --- Hostilities --- Wars --- International relations --- Military art and science --- Adams, John Quincy. --- Advisory Commission of Railway Experts. --- Amur Expedition. --- Archangel, map. --- Associated Press. --- Baltic States. --- Belgium. --- Bryant, Louise. --- Bykov. --- Carter, Allen. --- Caucasus. --- Changchun. --- Crane, Richard. --- Decree on Peace. --- Don Cossack region. --- Dvinsk. --- Estonia. --- Foch, Marshal Ferdinand. --- Gatchina. --- Gibson. --- Hagedorn, Hermann. --- Hard, William. --- Hucher, General. --- Imbrie, American Vice Consul. --- Inter-Allied Conferences, Paris. --- Irkutsk. --- Jenkins, Douglas, American Consul. --- Karakhan, Leo. --- Kharkov, map. --- Krasnoyarsk. --- Kurland. --- Larson, Cedric. --- Lippmann, Walter. --- Lithuania. --- Manikovski, General. --- Masaryk, Thomas. --- Miller, David Hunter. --- Nagasaki. --- Narva. --- New York Evening Post. --- Novoye Vremye. --- Novy Mir. --- Omsk. --- Outlook, The. --- Palestine. --- Persia. --- Platten, Fritz. --- Poland. --- Pouren. --- Pri-Amur. --- Rudewitz.