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Linguistic Typology.

Typology (Linguistics) --- Language and languages --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Linguistic typology --- Linguistics --- Linguistic universals --- Typology --- Classification

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This article provides a new vista of an old problem, viz. the supposed counter-iconic nature of a variety of reduplicative patterns which encode categories such as diminution, attenuation, etc. It is argued that even these categories are iconically represented by reduplication because iconicity is not tied to an increase in size of the entities referred to by the reduplicative construction. Iconicity applies if the semantic description of the quality encoded by reduplication is more complex than the one necessary for the description of the non-reduplicated pattern. This new understanding of iconicity is illustrated by examples of total reduplication drawn from a world-wide convenience sample of languages. Circum-Mediterranean languages are given special emphasis in the final discussion.

Areal linguistics. --- Area linguistics --- Geolinguistics --- Linguistics --- Europe --- Languages. --- Linguistique géographique --- Linguistique --- History --- Histoire --- Langues --- Grammar --- Sociolinguistics --- Areal linguistics --- Languages --- Europe - Languages --- Language and languages. --- Europe.

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Since the first written documents in the history of mankind (produced at the end of the 4th millennium BC), translation has always played a pivotal role in human societies. Translators were needed whenever the need for contact between different-speaking communities arose, such as for the purposes of communication, commerce, and declarations of war, or peace. Translation is even more important in today's world. Globalization has brought the nations of the Earth closer, to the extent that books, movies and television programs released or aired far away in the world are just a click of the mouse

Translating and interpreting --- Vertaalkunde. --- Vertaalwetenschap.

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The aim of the colloquium, from which this volume derives, was to bring together approaches from general linguistics and language reconstruction, to show how these can benefit from eachother. Although the focus was on Indo-European languages, other language families were present in the discussion, as typological insights may provide useful parallels to IE phenomena and problems. At the core of the discussion was the methodological problem of induction vs deduction.

Indo-European languages --- Reconstruction (Linguistics) --- Typology (Linguistics) --- Syntax --- Grammar --- -Reconstruction (Linguistics) --- -Typology (Linguistics) --- -Internal reconstruction (Linguistics) --- Protolanguages --- Historical linguistics --- Aryan languages --- Indo-Germanic languages --- -Congresses --- Congresses --- Reconstruction (Linguistique) --- Typologie (Linguistique) --- Congrès --- Internal reconstruction (Linguistics) --- Indo-europese talen. Prehistorie. (Congres) --- Indo-europese talen. Syntaxis. (Congres) --- Langues. Reconstruction. (Congrès) --- Indo-européennes (Langues). Préhistoire. (Congrès) --- Indo-européennes (Langues). Syntaxe. (Congrès) --- Talen. Reconstructie. (Congres) --- Indo-European languages - Syntax - Congresses --- Reconstruction (Linguistics) - Congresses --- Typology (Linguistics) - Congresses

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