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To understand hydrochemistry and to analyze natural as well as man-made impacts on aquatic systems, hydrogeochemical models have been used since the 1960’s and more frequently in recent times. Numerical groundwater flow, transport, and geochemical models are important tools besides classical deterministic and analytical approaches. Solving complex linear or non-linear systems of equations, commonly with hundreds of unknown parameters, is a routine task for a PC. Modeling hydrogeochemical processes requires a detailed and accurate water analysis, as well as thermodynamic and kinetic data as input. Thermodynamic data, such as complex formation constants and solubility products, are often provided as data sets within the respective programs. However, the description of surface-controlled reactions (sorption, cation exchange, surface complexation) and kinetically controlled reactions requires additional input data. Unlike groundwater flow and transport models, thermodynamic models, in principal, do not need any calibration. However, considering surface-controlled or kinetically controlled reaction models might be subject to calibration. Typical problems for the application of geochemical models are: speciation determination of saturation indices adjustment of equilibria/disequilibria for minerals or gases mixing of different waters modeling the effects of temperature stoichiometric reactions (e.g. titration) reactions with solids, fluids, and gaseous phases (in open and closed systems) sorption (cation exchange, surface complexation) inverse modeling kinetically controlled reactions reactive transport Hydrogeochemical models are dependent on the quality of the chemical analyses, the boundary conditions presumed by the program, theoretical concepts (e.g.

Water chemistry --- Mathematical models. --- Aquatic chemistry --- Chemical hydrology --- Hydrochemistry --- Hydrogeochemistry --- Natural water chemistry --- Geochemistry --- Hydrology --- Hydraulic engineering. --- Geology. --- Analytical biochemistry. --- Geography. --- Hydrogeology. --- Water Quality/Water Pollution. --- Analytical Chemistry. --- Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences. --- Earth Sciences, general. --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history --- Analytic biochemistry --- Biochemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Natural history --- Engineering, Hydraulic --- Engineering --- Fluid mechanics --- Hydraulics --- Shore protection --- Bioanalytic chemistry --- Bioanalytical chemistry --- Analytical chemistry --- Water quality. --- Water pollution. --- Analytical chemistry. --- Geotechnical engineering. --- Earth sciences. --- Geosciences --- Environmental sciences --- Physical sciences --- Engineering, Geotechnical --- Geotechnics --- Geotechnology --- Engineering geology --- Analysis, Chemical --- Analytic chemistry --- Chemical analysis --- Chemistry --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc. --- Freshwater --- Freshwater quality --- Marine water quality --- Quality of water --- Seawater --- Seawater quality --- Water --- Environmental quality --- Geohydrology --- Geology --- Groundwater --- Quality --- Composition

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Uranium is an element to be found ubiquitous in rock, soil, and water. Uranium concentrations in natural ground water can be more than several hundreds µg/l without impact from mining, nuclear industry, and fertilizers. Considering the WHO recommendation for drinking water of 15 µg/l (has been as low as 2 µg/l before) due to the chemical toxicity of uranium the element uranium has become an important issue in environmental research. Besides natural enrichment of uranium in aquifers uranium mining and milling activities, further uranium processing to nuclear fuel, emissions form burning coal and oil, and the application of uranium containing phosphate fertilizers may enrich the natural uranium concentrations in soil and water by far. In October 1995 the first international conference on Uranium Mining and Hydrogeology (UMH I) was held in Freiberg being organized by the Department of Geology at the Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg by the support of the Saxon State Ministry of Geology and Environment. Due to the large scientific interest in the topic of uranium a second conference (UMH II) took place in Freiberg in September 1998. Furthermore, in September 2002 scientists working on the topic of uranium mining and hydrogeology attended the third conference (UMH III) which was jointly held together with the International Mine Water - sociation (IMWA) Symposium 2002. The reviewed papers and posters of the 2002 conference have been published by Springer entitled Uranium in the aquatic en- ronment (edited by Merkel, Planer-Friedrich and Wolkersdorfer).

Geochemistry --- Geology. Earth sciences --- Mining industry --- Water supply. Water treatment. Water pollution --- Soil pollution. Soil purification --- geochemie --- U (uranium) --- hydrologie --- verontreiniging --- waterverontreiniging --- mijnbouw --- geologie

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To understand hydrochemistry and to analyze natural as well as man-made impacts on aquatic systems, hydrogeochemical models have been used since the 1960's and more frequently in recent times. Numerical groundwater flow, transport, and geochemical models are important tools besides classical deterministic and analytical approaches. Solving complex linear or non-linear systems of equations, commonly with hundreds of unknown parameters, is a routine task for a PC. Modeling hydrogeochemical processes requires a detailed and accurate water analysis, as well as thermodynamic and kinetic data as input. Thermodynamic data, such as complex formation constants and solubility products, are often provided as data sets within the respective programs. However, the description of surface-controlled reactions (sorption, cation exchange, surface complexation) and kinetically controlled reactions requires additional input data. Unlike groundwater flow and transport models, thermodynamic models, in principal, do not need any calibration. However, considering surface-controlled or kinetically controlled reaction models might be subject to calibration. Typical problems for the application of geochemical models are: speciation determination of saturation indices adjustment of equilibria/disequilibria for minerals or gases mixing of different waters modeling the effects of temperature stoichiometric reactions (e.g. titration) reactions with solids, fluids, and gaseous phases (in open and closed systems) sorption (cation exchange, surface complexation) inverse modeling kinetically controlled reactions reactive transport Hydrogeochemical models are dependent on the quality of the chemical analyses, the boundary conditions presumed by the program, theoretical concepts (e.g.

Analytical chemistry --- Geology. Earth sciences --- Water supply. Water treatment. Water pollution --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Computer. Automation --- hydrologie --- analytische chemie --- informatica --- waterverontreiniging --- milieuzorg --- grondwater --- geologie --- milieubeheer --- milieuanalyse

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Ecohydrology. --- Eco-hydrology --- Aquatic ecology --- Hydrology