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This book documents the corrosive effect of social exclusion on democracy and the rule of law. It shows how marginalization prevents citizens from effectively engaging even the best legal systems, how politics creeps into prosecutorial and judicial decision making, and how institutional change is often nullified by enduring contextual factors. It also shows how some institutional arrangements can overcome these impediments. The argument is based on extensive field work and original data on the investigation and prosecution of more than 500 police homicides in five legal systems in Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay. It includes both qualitative analyses of individual violations and prosecutions and quantitative analyses of broad patterns within and across jurisdictions. The book offers a structured comparison of police, prosecutorial, and judicial institutions in each location, and shows that analyses of any one of these organizations in isolation misses many of the essential dynamics that underlie an effective system of justice.
Police shootings --- Deadly force used by police --- Police use of deadly force --- Shootings by police --- Use of deadly force by police --- Police patrol --- Suicide by cop --- Social Sciences --- Political Science
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This book is a five-country empirical study of the causes and consequences of social and economic rights litigation. Detailed studies of Brazil, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, and South Africa present systematic and nuanced accounts of court activity on social and economic rights in each country. The book develops new methodologies for analyzing the sources of and variation in social and economic rights litigation, explains why actors are now turning to the courts to enforce social and economic rights, measures the aggregate impact of litigation in each country, and assesses the relevance of the empirical findings for legal theory. This book argues that courts can advance social and economic rights under the right conditions precisely because they are never fully independent of political pressures.
Law of civil procedure --- Human rights --- Economic law --- Social law. Labour law --- Law and economic development. --- Social rights --- Social legislation --- Developing countries --- Economic policy. --- Law --- General and Others --- Human services --- Public law --- Economic development and law --- Law and development --- Economic development --- Socio-economic rights --- Socioeconomic rights --- Basic needs --- Law and legislation
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"In recent times there has been a dramatic change in the nature and scope of constitutional justice systems in the global south. New or reformed constitutions have proliferated, protecting social, economic, and political rights. While constitutional courts in Latin America have traditionally been used as ways to limit power and preserve the status quo, the evidence shows that they are evolving into a functioning part of contemporary politics and a central component of a system of constitutional justice. This book lays bare the political roots of this transformation, outlining a new way to understand judicial design and the very purpose of constitutional justice. Authors Daniel M. Brinks and Abby Blass use case studies drawn from nineteen Latin American countries over forty years to reveal the ideas behind the new systems of constitutional justice. They show how constitutional designers entrust their hopes and fears to dynamic governance systems, in hopes of directing the development of constitutional meaning over time"
Constitutional courts --- Constitutional law --- Political questions and judicial power --- Justice, Administration of --- Judicial process --- Decision making, Judicial --- Judicial behavior --- Judicial decision making --- Judges --- Law --- Procedure (Law) --- Judicial activism --- Judicial power and political questions --- Act of state --- Administrative discretion --- Judicial review --- Jurisdiction --- Rule of law --- Separation of powers --- Courts, Constitutional --- Courts, Supreme --- Supreme courts --- Courts of special jurisdiction --- Courts of last resort --- Psychological aspects --- Interpretation and construction --- Political aspects --- Constitutional courts - Latin America --- Constitutional law - Latin America --- Political questions and judicial power - Latin America --- Judicial process - Latin America --- Justice, Administration of - Latin America
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