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The book deals with the latest research on membrane distillation. New membrane and module designs, low-temperature applications, integration with other membrane units and pilot scale investigations are presented and discussed.

FGD wastewater --- integrated membrane-based process --- zero liquid-discharge --- sustainability --- bioethanol --- sweeping gas membrane distillation --- SGMD --- glucose --- permeate flux --- optimization --- membrane distillation --- triple layer composite membrane --- highly concentrated solutions --- PVDF --- PES --- membrane stability --- polypropylene --- TIPS --- talc --- desalination --- brine treatment --- pilot scale --- permeate quality --- membrane filtration --- high salinity --- spacer-filled channel --- temperature polarization --- computational fluid dynamics --- thermochromic liquid crystals --- distillation --- high recovery rate --- brine concentration --- zero liquid discharge --- membrane distillation module --- wastewater concentration --- resource recovery --- 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone --- solvent dehydration --- hollow-fiber membrane --- multi-objective optimization --- submerged module --- capillary membrane --- direct contact membrane distillation --- urea --- low temperature --- composite membrane --- plasma-polymerized hydrophobic fluorosiloxane coating --- hydrophilic porous hollow-fiber substrate --- n/a

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Size reduction processes represent a significant part of the capital as well as the operating cost in ore processing. Advancing the understanding of and improving such processes is worthwhile since any measurable enhancement may lead to benefits, which may materialize as reductions in energy consumption or wear or improved performance in downstream processes. This book contains contributions dealing with various aspects of comminution, including those intended to improve our current level of understanding and quantification of particle breakage and ore characterization techniques that are relevant to size reduction, as well as studies involving modeling and simulation techniques. The affiliations of the authors of the articles published in this book span 14 countries around the globe, which attests to the highly international nature of research in this field. The themes of the manuscripts also vary widely, from several that are more focused on experimental studies to those that deal, in greater detail, with the development and application of modeling and simulation techniques in comminution. Size reduction technologies more directly addressed in the manuscripts include jaw crushing, vertical shaft impact crushing, SAG milling, stirred milling, planetary milling, and vertical roller milling. Ores involved directly in the investigations include those of copper, lead–zinc, gold, and iron as well as coal, talc, and quartz.

nanoscale talc --- wet milling --- high-energy ball milling --- ball size --- aggregation --- quantitative microstructural analysis --- X-ray computed tomography --- selective comminution --- texture --- structure --- mineral processing --- crushing --- grinding --- grinding behaviors --- energy consumption characterization --- sulfur content --- heterogeneous breakage --- split energy --- mining operation --- ore milling --- ore grinding --- rock --- liberation --- bed breakage --- iron ore --- comminution --- saturation --- piston-and-die --- compaction --- compression --- breakage --- single particle breakage --- energy input --- drop-weight tester --- breakage modelling --- grinding prediction --- jaw crusher --- Discrete Element Method --- Particle Replacement Model --- simulation --- modeling --- primary crushing --- particle breakage --- semi-autogenous grinding mill --- operational hardness --- energy consumption --- mining --- deep learning --- long short-term memory --- quartz --- shear stress --- tribochemistry --- fracturing --- mixed sulfides --- sphalerite --- galena --- VSI --- DEM --- sand --- modelling --- Vertimill --- Tower Mill --- liner wear --- fine grinding --- discrete element method --- n/a