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Nationalization --- Socialization of industry --- State ownership --- Eminent domain --- Right of property --- Government ownership --- Public ownership --- Collectivism --- Economic policy --- Socialism --- Privatization --- Ownership of property --- Private ownership of property, Right of --- Private property, Right of --- Property, Right of --- Property rights --- Right of private ownership of property --- Right of private property --- Right to property --- Civil rights --- Property --- Compulsory purchase (Eminent domain) --- Condemnation of land --- Domain, Eminent --- Expropriation --- Land, Condemnation of --- Takings (Eminent domain) --- Land use --- Angary, Right of --- Law and legislation --- constitutional law --- fundamental rights --- democracy

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This paper studies whether the policies that, over the past decades, liberalized bankingsystems around the world have resulted in deeper credit markets. To measure banking sectorreforms we use a new index that tracks policy changes in five separate areas for 91 countriesover 1973-2005. We find that reforms have led to financial deepening, but only in countrieswith institutions that place checks and balances on political power. We interpret this asevidence of a complementarity between financial sector reforms and political institutions thatprotect property rights. Other country characteristics do not seem to significantly influencethe effect of banking reforms on financial development.

Finance --- Economic development --- Banks and banking --- Right of property --- Econometric models. --- Ownership of property --- Private ownership of property, Right of --- Private property, Right of --- Property, Right of --- Property rights --- Right of private ownership of property --- Right of private property --- Right to property --- Agricultural banks --- Banking --- Banking industry --- Commercial banks --- Depository institutions --- Law and legislation --- Civil rights --- Property --- Financial institutions --- Money --- Banks and Banking --- Finance: General --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Monetary economics --- Financial sector development --- Credit --- Bank credit --- Financial services industry --- Kyrgyz Republic

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Economics --- Capitalism --- Capitalisme --- Capitalisme monopoliste d'État --- Democracy --- Democratie --- Démocratie --- Economics [Marxian ] --- Economie [Marxistische ] --- Economie en marxisme --- Economie et marxisme --- Economie marxiste --- Eigendomsrecht --- Inspraak in het beleid --- Kapitalisme --- Marché [Économie de ] --- Market economy --- Markteconomie --- Marxian economics --- Marxism --- Marxisme en economie --- Marxisme et économie --- Marxistische economie --- Overlegcultuur --- Propriété [Droit à la ] --- Right of property --- Régime capitaliste --- Self-government --- Social democracy --- Socialism --- Socialisme --- Socialist movements --- Système capitaliste --- Économie capitaliste --- Économie de marché --- Économie libérale --- 316.344.22 --- 316.323.6 --- 316.323.72 --- 316.344.2:331 --- 330.34 --- #A9306A --- Collectivism --- Anarchism --- Communism --- Critical theory --- Ownership of property --- Private ownership of property, Right of --- Private property, Right of --- Property, Right of --- Property rights --- Right of private ownership of property --- Right of private property --- Right to property --- Civil rights --- Property --- Marxist economics --- Schools of economics --- Political science --- Equality --- Representative government and representation --- Republics --- Profit --- Capital --- Bezit. Eigendom als sociale stratificatiecriterium --- Kapitalistische maatschappijvormen --- Socialistische maatschappijvormen --- Socio-economische groepen-:-Arbeid. Labour economics. Arbeidseconomie --- Economische ontwikkeling. Regionale economische ontwikkeling --- Law and legislation --- Capitalism. --- Democracy. --- Marxian economics. --- Right of property. --- Socialism. --- 330.34 Economische ontwikkeling. Regionale economische ontwikkeling --- 316.344.2:331 Socio-economische groepen-:-Arbeid. Labour economics. Arbeidseconomie --- 316.323.72 Socialistische maatschappijvormen --- 316.323.6 Kapitalistische maatschappijvormen --- 316.344.22 Bezit. Eigendom als sociale stratificatiecriterium