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Biosensors, i.e., devices where biological molecules or bio(mimetic)structures are intimately coupled to a chemo/physical transducer for converting a biorecognition event into a measurable signal, have recently gained a wide (if not huge) academic and practical interest for the multitude of their applications in analysis, especially in the field of bioanalysis, medical diagnostics, and clinical assays. Indeed, thanks to their very simple use (permitting sometimes their application at home), the minimal sample pretreatment requirement, the higher selectivity, and sensitivity, biosensors are an essential tool in the detection and monitoring of a wide range of medical conditions from glycemia to Alzheimer’s disease as well as in the monitoring of drug responses. Soon, we expect that their importance and use in clinical diagnostics will expand rapidly so as to be of critical importance to public health in the coming years. This Special Issue would like to focus on recent research and development in the field of biosensors as analytical tools for clinical assays and medical diagnostics.

molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) --- surface imprinted polymers (SIPs) --- electrochemical biosensor --- biomarkers for infectious diseases --- choline biosensor --- amperometric detection --- overoxidized polypyrrole film --- phospholipase D assay --- phosphatidylcholine --- human epididymis protein 4 --- competitive electrochemical immunosensor --- WiFi portable potentiostat --- on-board calibration --- Internet of Things --- 1-methoxy-5-ethyl phenazinium ethyl sulfate --- disposable enzyme sensor --- lactate oxidase --- glucose dehydrogenase --- fructosyl peptide oxidase --- electrochemical enzyme sensor --- biomedical engineering --- surface plasmon resonance --- biosensors --- bio-functionalization optimization --- cost-effective biosensors --- lab-on-a-chip --- aptamer --- labeling --- enzyme --- zinc finger protein --- electrochemical sensor --- vascular endothelial growth factor --- breast cancer --- nanobiosensors --- biomarkers --- electrochemistry --- impedance --- immobilization --- nanomaterial --- nanoparticles (NPs) --- magnetic NPs --- self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) --- signal amplification --- optogenetics --- micro-electrode array --- in situ detection --- electrophysiology --- neural circuit recognition --- biosensor --- carbon dots --- norepinephrine --- tyrosinase --- voltammetry --- folic acid --- real samples --- analytical methods --- electrochemical tools --- choline analysis --- phosphocholine analysis --- choline oxidase --- alkaline phosphatase --- enzyme immobilization --- overoxidized polypyrrole --- electropolymerized non-conducting polymer --- dual electrode biosensor --- simultaneous determination --- flow injection analysis --- capacitive sensing --- alternating current electrokinetic effects --- miRNA sensing --- point-of-care diagnostics