Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Simultaneous 2D pressure and 2D velocity information at the rough water-sediment interface of streambeds were gained by a newly developed measurement setup. In the bed the pressure fluctuations decay exponentially within the first 1-2 equivalent sand roughnesses. Structural findings concerning coherent flow structures are consistent with models originally developed for smooth walls. A significant bed destabilizing flow-pressure pattern was identified for the first time.

open channel flow --- pressure sensors --- coherent structures --- gravel bed --- PIV

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The main focus of this Special Issue of Water is the state-of-the-art and recent research on turbulence and flow–sediment interactions in open-channel flows. Our knowledge of river hydraulics is deepening, thanks to both laboratory/field experiments related to the characteristics of turbulence and their link to erosion, transport, deposition, and local scouring phenomena. Collaboration among engineers, physicists, and other experts is increasing and furnishing new inter-/multidisciplinary perspectives to the research of river hydraulics and fluid mechanics. At the same time, the development of both sophisticated laboratory instrumentation and computing skills is giving rise to excellent experimental–numerical comparative studies. Thus, this Special Issue, with ten papers by researchers from many institutions around the world, aims at offering a modern panoramic view on all the above aspects to the vast audience of river researchers.

wavelet coherency --- Taylor’s frozen turbulence hypothesis --- scale --- hairpin vortex packet --- open channel flow --- bridge pier --- horseshoe vortex --- Physical hydraulic modeling --- quadrant analysis --- Scour and Velocity field --- hydraulics --- turbulent flow --- wall-wake flow --- dunal bedform --- horizontal cylinder --- turbulence structures --- scour --- velocity field --- turbulence --- equilibrium scour depth --- new scaling of scour depth --- ejections --- turbulence interactions --- gravel beds --- sediment transport --- surface and subsurface flows --- river hydrodynamics --- ADCP --- bedforms morphology --- river confluence --- Amazon River --- Yeongsan estuary --- freshwater discharge --- two-layer circulation --- Reynolds stress --- bottom turbulence --- suspended sediment concentration --- sediment kinematics --- entrainment --- disentrainment --- anisotropy --- rigid vegetation --- sediments --- local scouring --- erosion --- transport --- deposition --- open-channel flows --- laboratory experiments

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

In nuclear fusion technology, thermal-hydraulics is a key discipline employed in the design phase of the systems and components to demonstrate performance, and to ensure the reliability and their efficient and economical operation. ITER is in charge of investigating the transients of the engineering systems; this included safety analysis. The thermal-hydraulics is required for the design and analysis of the cooling and ancillary systems such as the blanket, the divertor, the cryogenic, and the balance of plant systems, as well as the tritium carrier, extraction and recovery systems. This Special Issue collects and documents the recent scientific advancements which include, but are not limited to: thermal-hydraulic analyses of systems and components, including magneto-hydrodynamics; safety investigations of systems and components; numerical models and code development and application; codes coupling methodology; code assessment and validation, including benchmarks; experimental infrastructures design and operation; experimental campaigns and investigations; scaling issue in experiments.

packing structure --- contact force --- porosity distribution --- tritium breeder pebble bed --- breeding blanket --- discrete element method --- DEMO --- primary heat transfer system --- balance of plant --- RELAP5 --- loss of flow accident --- once through steam generators --- DEMO-EU fusion reactor --- IFMIF-DONES facility --- lithium technology --- CFD --- thermo-fluid dynamics --- lead-lithium eutectic --- In-box LOCA --- HCLL TBS --- liquid metal blanket --- MHD benchmarking --- COMSOL multiphysics --- magneto-convection --- turbulent MHD --- large eddy simulations --- magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) --- MHD pressure drop --- system codes --- liquid metal technology --- WCLL BB --- small ESS --- transient --- Apros --- Magnetohydrodynamics --- heat transfer --- WCLL --- thermal hydraulic --- WLLC blanket --- CFETR --- wakes --- open channel flow --- experimental methods --- DONES --- fusion --- liquid lithium --- LOCA --- Melcor --- numeric coupling --- liquid metal blankets --- tritium --- corrosion --- convection --- turbulence --- WCLL blanket --- DCLL blanket --- WCLL-BB --- MELCOR --- PHTS --- safety analysis --- HCPB BB --- CRAFT --- blanket and divertor --- experiment plan --- water loop design --- DEMO blanket --- first wall --- ODS steel layer --- tungsten functionally graded coating --- experimental investigation --- EU-DEMO --- helium-cooled pebble bed --- thermal storage --- indirect coupled design --- energy balance --- power conversion system --- simulation --- gyrotron resonator --- multi-physic simulation --- thermal-hydraulics --- cooling --- mini-channels --- Raschig rings --- validation --- divertor --- plasma facing components --- thermal hydraulics --- SIMMER code --- RELAP5 code --- in-box LOCA --- WCLL breeding blanket --- LIFUS5/Mod3