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Due to increasing global food needs as a result of population growth, the use of new food sources has gained interest in the last decade. However, the inclusion of new foods in our diet, as well as the increased interest of the population in consuming foods with better nutritional properties, has increased the need for adequate food analytical methods. This monographic issue presents innovative methods of chemical analysis of foods, as well as the nutritional and chemical characterization of foods whose consumption is expected to increase worldwide in the coming years.

blanching --- n/a --- acrylamide --- thickness --- seaweeds --- N-carbamylglutamate --- Chlorophyceae --- EPA+DHA --- hydrolysates --- Phaeophyceae --- carbohydrates --- scanning electron microscopy --- antioxidant --- scorpion (Buthus martensii Karsch) protein --- Gracilaria --- animal products --- milk --- prebiotic --- extraction --- functional properties --- refined commercial salmon oil --- HPLC-MS/MS --- total FA yield --- avocado oil --- n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs) concentration --- DHA --- alcalase --- antioxidants compounds --- flavourzyme --- phenolic compounds --- UPLC-MSE --- oil extraction --- frying time --- response surface methodology --- fatty acid profile --- response surface methodology (RSM) --- Amazonian fruits --- water holding capacity --- phenolic acids --- amaranth protein --- temperature --- feeds --- multiple response optimization --- polysaccharides --- fatty acids --- Artemisia argyi leaves --- seaweed --- Rhodophyceae --- process variable maximization --- bioactive peptides --- vitamins --- EPA --- desirability function --- ultrasonic extraction --- bioactive compounds --- crisps --- deep eutectic solvents

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Lipids represent the major players in marine organisms as the major constituents of biological membranes, with key roles in biological processes and acclimation to environmental changes. New research trends aim to contribute to improving knowledge on the role lipids in the biological matrix, understanding the impact of climate change in marine organisms, and developing new tools for chemophenotyping, traceability, and biomarkers of trophic chains in marine ecosystems, such that the nutritional value or prospective bioactive compounds can be disclosed for health applications. “Lipids in the Ocean 2021” (http://lipids2021.web.ua.pt) was originally planned to be held at the University of Aveiro and ran from 5 to 7 July 2021 (and was ultimately an online conference due to uncertainties regarding the COVID-19 situation). The aim was to go in deep into research interests covering topics related to lipids from marine organisms, such as marine lipidomics, lipids as biomarkers in trophic webs, green lipids from the ocean (seaweeds, microalgae, and macrophytes), marine lipid biotechnology, and seafood traceability using lipids—from basic research to sustainable production and applications in the food, nutraceutics, feed, cosmetics, and pharma industries. This Special Issue welcomed not only attendees of “Lipids in the Ocean 2021” to publish their latest research outcomes but also all researchers in relevant fields to share their exciting works with the community.

fatty acids --- fungal endophytes --- laminariales --- Paradendryphiella salina --- brown adipose tissue --- browning --- energy expenditure --- n-3 fatty acid --- uncoupling protein --- white adipose tissue --- krill oil --- omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids --- bioavailability --- nutraceuticals --- dietary supplements --- dietary resource --- Mytilus galloprovincialis --- Crassostrea gigas --- diatom --- competition --- biofouling --- EPA --- DHA --- aquafeeds --- n-3/n-6 ratio --- n-3 PUFA --- IMTA --- powdered fish oil --- docosahexaenoic acid --- chitosan nanoparticles --- encapsulation efficiency --- loading capacity --- TGA --- FTIR --- oxidative stability --- algae --- bioactivity --- glycolipids --- lipidomics --- macroalgae --- phospholipids --- seaweeds --- long-chain PUFA synthesis --- desaturases --- elongases --- PKS pathway --- 20:5n-3 (EPA) --- 22:6n-3 (DHA) --- Tisochrysis lutea --- 13C artificial enrichment --- Crypthecodinium cohnii --- omega-3 fatty acid --- biomass recycling --- dinoflagellate extract --- FTIR spectroscopy --- Krebs cycle --- central metabolism --- kinetic model --- constraint-based model

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Algae have been used since ancient times as food for humans, animal feed, agricultural fertilizer, and as a source of substances for therapeutic use. Currently, seaweed represents a vast source of raw materials used in the pharmaceutical, food, traditional medicine, and cosmetics industries. They are nutritionally valuable, both fresh and dried, or as ingredients in a wide variety of pre-made foods. In particular, seaweed contains significant amounts of protein, lipids, minerals, and vitamins. Information is limited on the role of algae and their metabolites in therapy. Only a few taxa have been studied for use in medicine. Many traditional cultures report the healing powers of selected algae in tropical and subtropical marine forms. This is especially true in the maritime areas of Asia, where the sea plays a significant role in daily activities. However, currently, only a few genera and species of algae are involved in aspects of medicine and therapy. The beneficial uses of seaweed or seaweed products include those that can mimic specific manifestations of human disease, production of antibiotic compounds, or improved human nutrition.

alginate --- minerals --- n/a --- edible seaweed --- macro algae --- Mycoplasma pneumoniae --- nutritional value --- seaweeds --- low molecular weight fucoidan --- osteoblast --- huBM-MSC --- ulvan --- HDL-C --- diffusion model --- adjuvant --- phlorotannin --- chlorophylls --- alkaline phosphatase --- raw laver --- heavy metals adsorption --- quantification --- colorectal cancer --- microbial risk --- processing technology --- anticoagulant activity --- isolation --- keratinocytes --- Black Sea --- Osmundea pinnatifida --- marine algae --- feed --- antigen-specific antibody --- bromophenols --- Ulva rigida --- carotenoids --- natural resources --- LDL-C --- functional substance --- agriculture --- particulate matter --- processed laver product --- reactive oxygen species --- health functionality --- cancer stem cells --- cytotoxicity --- HPLC --- omics-based technology --- Sargassum muticum --- TC reduction --- FTIR-ATR --- chemical risk --- enzymatic extracts --- n-3 PUFAs --- mono and polysaccharides --- health --- chemical sulfation --- food --- TC --- NMR --- TG --- carrageenan --- antitumour activity --- NK cell --- Cystoseira barbata --- EPA --- phlorofucofuroeckol A --- Ecklonia cava --- macroalgae/seaweed

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The combination of an increasing prevalence of diabetes and the aging of populations enables the appearance of a greater number of associated complications such as diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of preventable vision loss in working-age adults. The objective of this Special Issue is to highlight the existing evidence regarding the relationship between oxidative stress and low-grade chronic inflammation induced by hyperglycemia with the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy, with an emphasis on the importance of early diagnosis and the use of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory approaches to prevent or delay the harmful effects of diabetes on retinal tissue.

eicosanoids --- oxidative stress --- diabetic retinopathy --- cyclooxygenase --- lipoxygenase --- Cytochrome P450 --- HDAC6 --- tubastatin A --- retinal endothelial cells --- retinal endothelial cell senescence --- db/db mice --- Cinnamomi Ramulus --- Paeoniae Radix --- CPA4-1 --- blood-retinal barrier --- occludin --- human retina --- epiretinal membrane --- internal limiting membrane --- vitreoretinal surgery --- macular hole --- proliferative diabetic retinopathy --- antioxidants --- diabetes mellitus --- free radicals --- high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) --- inflammatory pathways --- novel therapies --- diabetic retinopathy (DR) --- inflammation --- angiogenesis --- extracellular vesicles --- miRNA --- biomarkers --- apoptosis --- fenofibrate --- thioredoxin --- hyperglycemia --- astaxanthin --- carotenoid --- reactive oxygen species --- photoreceptor cells --- PI3K --- Nrf2 --- eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) --- docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) --- retinal pigment epithelium --- antioxidant --- ascorbic acid --- retinal disease --- vitamin D --- GLP-1 --- superoxide dismutase --- biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy --- metabolic memory --- tear film --- aqueous humor --- vitreous humor --- mitochondria --- redox --- photoreceptor --- glycation --- aging --- glyoxalase --- n/a

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Over the past few decades, modern information technology has made a significant impact on people’s daily lives worldwide. In the field of health care and prevention, there has been a progressing penetration of assistive health services such as personal health records, supporting apps for chronic diseases, or preventive cardiological monitoring. In 2020, the range of personal health services appeared to be almost unmanageable, accompanied by a multitude of different data formats and technical interfaces. The exchange of health-related data between different healthcare providers or platforms may therefore be difficult or even impossible. In addition, health professionals are increasingly confronted with medical data that were not acquired by themselves, but by an algorithmic “black box”. Even further, externally recorded data tend to be incompatible with the data models of classical healthcare information systems.From the individual’s perspective, digital services allow for the monitoring of their own health status. However, such services can also overwhelm their users, especially elderly people, with too many features or barely comprehensible information. It therefore seems highly relevant to examine whether such “always at hand” services exceed the digital literacy levels of average citizens.In this context, this reprint presents innovative, health-related applications or services emphasizing the role of user-centered information technology, with a special focus on one of the aforementioned aspects.

fever --- FeverApp --- ecological momentary assessment --- user behavior --- sociodemographic characteristics --- registry --- guidelines --- feasibility --- usability --- routine health information system --- health management information system --- health system performance --- machine learning --- digital health --- registry analysis --- ClinicalTrials.gov --- device regulation --- new information technology --- Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) --- institution --- institutionalism --- digital informatics --- human–computer interaction --- personal health informatics --- consumer health data --- consumer health information --- self-tracking --- quantified self --- mHealth apps --- telemonitoring --- telemedicine --- telecardiology --- cardiology --- wearable --- sensors --- consumer health devices --- cardiovascular disease --- heart failure --- atrial fibrillation --- mental health --- psychiatry --- psychiatric record --- psychiatric notes --- patient accessible electronic health record --- PAEHR --- open notes --- policies --- COVID-19 --- technology acceptance --- user survey --- wearable health monitor --- ECG patch --- personal electronic health records --- technology adoption --- endogenous motivations --- health information privacy concern --- mixed-methods --- ePA --- online review helpfulness --- signaling theory --- sentiment analysis --- physician rating websites --- consumer decision-making --- health information technology --- information exchange --- hospital --- market