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To celebrate the 270th anniversary of the De Gruyter publishing house, the company is providing permanent open access to 270 selected treasures from the De Gruyter Book Archive. Titles will be made available to anyone, anywhere at any time that might be interested. The DGBA project seeks to digitize the entire backlist of titles published since 1749 to ensure that future generations have digital access to the high-quality primary sources that De Gruyter has published over the centuries.

Programming --- 681.3*D32 --- language classifications: applicative languages; data-flow languages; design languages; extensible languages; macro and assembly languages; nonprocedural languages; specialized application and very high-level languages (Programminglanguages) --- 681.3*D32 language classifications: applicative languages; data-flow languages; design languages; extensible languages; macro and assembly languages; nonprocedural languages; specialized application and very high-level languages (Programminglanguages) --- COMPUTERS / General.

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This reprint provides a collection of papers illustrating the state-of-the-art of smart processing of data coming from wearable, implantable or portable sensors. Each paper presents the design, databases used, methodological background, obtained results, and their interpretation for biomedical applications. Revealing examples are brain–machine interfaces for medical rehabilitation, the evaluation of sympathetic nerve activity, a novel automated diagnostic tool based on ECG data to diagnose COVID-19, machine learning-based hypertension risk assessment by means of photoplethysmography and electrocardiography signals, Parkinsonian gait assessment using machine learning tools, thorough analysis of compressive sensing of ECG signals, development of a nanotechnology application for decoding vagus-nerve activity, detection of liver dysfunction using a wearable electronic nose system, prosthetic hand control using surface electromyography, epileptic seizure detection using a CNN, and premature ventricular contraction detection using deep metric learning. Thus, this reprint presents significant clinical applications as well as valuable new research issues, providing current illustrations of this new field of research by addressing the promises, challenges, and hurdles associated with the synergy of biosignal processing and AI through 16 different pertinent studies. Covering a wide range of research and application areas, this book is an excellent resource for researchers, physicians, academics, and PhD or master students working on (bio)signal and image processing, AI, biomaterials, biomechanics, and biotechnology with applications in medicine.

electrocardiogram --- deep metric learning --- k-nearest neighbors classifier --- premature ventricular contraction --- dimensionality reduction --- classifications --- Laplacian eigenmaps --- locality preserving projections --- compressed sensing --- convolutional neural network --- EEG --- epileptic seizure detection --- RISC-V --- ultra-low-power --- sepsis --- atrial fibrillation --- prediction --- heart rate variability --- feature extraction --- random forest --- annotations --- myoelectric prosthesis --- sEMG --- grasp phases analysis --- grasp classification --- machine learning --- electronic nose --- liver dysfunction --- cirrhosis --- semiconductor metal oxide gas sensor --- vagus nerve --- intraneural --- decoding --- intrafascicular --- recording --- carbon nanotube --- artificial intelligence --- lens-free shadow imaging technique --- cell-line analysis --- cell signal enhancement --- deep learning --- ECG signal --- reconstruction dictionaries --- projection matrices --- signal classifications --- osteopenia --- sarcopenia --- XAI --- SHAP --- IMU --- gait analysis --- sensors --- convolutional neural networks --- Parkinson’s disease --- biomedical monitoring --- accelerometer --- pressure sensor --- disease management --- electromyography --- correlation --- high blood pressure --- hypertension --- photoplethysmography --- electrocardiography --- calibration --- classification models --- COVID-19 --- ECG trace image --- transfer learning --- Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) --- feature selection --- sympathetic activity (SNA) --- skin sympathetic nerve activity (SKNA) --- electrodes --- electrocardiogram (ECG) --- cardiac time interval --- dynamic time warping --- fiducial point detection --- heart failure --- seismocardiography --- wearable electroencephalography --- motor imagery --- motor execution --- beta rebound --- brain–machine interface --- EEG classification --- n/a --- Parkinson's disease --- brain-machine interface

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Unconventional reservoirs are usually complex and highly heterogeneous, such as shale, coal, and tight sandstone reservoirs. The strong physical and chemical interactions between fluids and pore surfaces lead to the inapplicability of conventional approaches for characterizing fluid flow in these low-porosity and ultralow-permeability reservoir systems. Therefore, new theories and techniques are urgently needed to characterize petrophysical properties, fluid transport, and their relationships at multiple scales for improving production efficiency from unconventional reservoirs. This book presents fundamental innovations gathered from 21 recent works on novel applications of new techniques and theories in unconventional reservoirs, covering the fields of petrophysical characterization, hydraulic fracturing, fluid transport physics, enhanced oil recovery, and geothermal energy. Clearly, the research covered in this book is helpful to understand and master the latest techniques and theories for unconventional reservoirs, which have important practical significance for the economic and effective development of unconventional oil and gas resources.

shale gas --- permeability --- prediction by NMR logs --- matrix–fracture interaction --- faults --- remaining oil distributions --- unconventional reservoirs --- coal deformation --- reservoir depletion --- carbonate reservoir --- nanopore --- fracturing fluid --- pseudo-potential model --- shale reservoirs --- matrix-fracture interactions --- multi-scale fracture --- succession pseudo-steady state (SPSS) method --- fluid transport physics --- integrated methods --- chelating agent --- dissolved gas --- non-equilibrium permeability --- effective stress --- fractal --- fracture network --- spontaneous imbibition --- tight oil --- porous media --- 0-1 programming --- the average flow velocity --- geothermal water --- micro-fracture --- pore types --- pore network model --- petrophysical characterization --- nitrogen adsorption --- analysis of influencing factors --- mudstone --- rheology --- velocity profile --- shale permeability --- flow resistance --- global effect --- tight sandstones --- fractal dimension --- contact angle --- temperature-resistance --- fractured well transient productivity --- reservoir classifications --- deep circulation groundwater --- viscosity --- NMR --- fractional diffusion --- lattice Boltzmann method --- multiporosity and multiscale --- fractal geometry --- imbibition front --- productivity contribution degree of multimedium --- wetting angle --- pH of formation water --- enhanced oil recovery --- isotopes --- tight sandstone --- fracture diversion --- shale --- SRV-fractured horizontal well --- low-salinity water flooding --- shale gas reservoir --- tight reservoirs --- fracture continuum method --- tight oil reservoir --- Lucaogou Formation --- hydraulic fracturing --- clean fracturing fluid --- recovery factor --- flow regimes --- local effect --- complex fracture network --- pore structure --- gas adsorption capacity --- polymer --- non-linear flow --- conformable derivative --- production simulation --- analytical model --- enhanced geothermal system --- multi-scale flow --- experimental evaluation --- extended finite element method --- fluid-solid interaction --- groundwater flow --- well-placement optimization --- thickener --- imbibition recovery --- equilibrium permeability --- slip length --- large density ratio --- clay mineral composition --- finite volume method --- volume fracturing --- influential factors --- sulfonate gemini surfactant

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The need for energy is increasing and at the same time production from the conventional reservoirs is declining quickly. This requires an economically and technically feasible source of energy for the coming years. Among some alternative future energy solutions the most approachable source is from unconventional reservoirs. As the name “unconventional” implies it requires different and challenging approach to characterize and to develop such a resource. This special issue covers some of the technical challenges for developing unconventional energy sources from shale gas/oil, tight gas sand, and coalbed methane.

bedding fractures --- failure criterion --- lamina --- tight oil --- tight sandstone --- finite element simulation --- numerical simulation --- unconventional reservoir --- permeability --- group method of data handling --- artificial neural network --- well logs --- sensitivity analysis --- tight gas reservoir --- multi-fractured horizontal well (MFHW) --- unstable productivity model --- productivity forecast --- influencing factor analysis --- horizontal well with multiple finite-conductivity fractures --- elliptical-shaped drainage --- productivity index --- non-Darcy flow --- pressure-dependent conductivity --- reservoir properties --- void space structure --- porosity --- complex rocks --- NMR --- MICP --- CT --- SEM --- coal-bearing tight sandstone --- organic-rich clasts --- occurrence --- classifications --- formation mechanisms --- Ordos Basin --- hydraulic fracturing --- fracturing fluids --- fluids-rock interaction --- environmental implication --- history matching --- semianalytic model --- unconventional gas reservoirs --- multistage fractured horizontal wells --- fractal theory --- pore structure --- heterogeneity --- NMR measurements --- multifractal analysis --- shale reservoir --- elastic properties --- brittleness --- rock physics --- brittle spot identification --- shale gas --- reservoir characteristics --- gas content --- eastern Sichuan Basin --- the Da’anzhai member --- pulse decay method --- gas adsorption --- dual media --- unconventional core --- natural fracture --- influencing factor --- oil production --- carbonate rock --- basement reservoir --- Jizhong Sub-basin --- dynamic pore network modeling --- shale reservoirs --- water imbibition --- discrete element method --- modified fluid-mechanical coupling algorithm --- injection sequence --- well spacing --- stress shadow effect --- seismic location --- microseismic events --- waveform stacking --- induced seismicity --- CBM --- surfactant --- solid-free drilling fluid --- CBM reservoir wettability --- machine learning --- lithofacies --- umiat --- Alaska --- proppant transportation --- cross fractures --- CFD simulation --- dimensional analysis --- equilibrium proppant height --- coalbed methane --- Lattice Boltzmann method --- gas diffusion --- adsorption–desorption --- pore-scale --- clay minerals --- pore structures --- tight gas reservoirs --- Xujiaweizi Rift --- Northern Songliao Basin --- methane adsorption isotherm --- coal properties --- gradient boosting decision tree --- estimation model --- shale gas reservoir --- geology --- Gibbs excess adsorption --- supercritical adsorption --- gas viscosity --- high voltage spark discharge --- electrohydraulic effect --- electrical conductivity --- drilling --- rock damage --- pressure waves --- water fracturing --- turbulence effect --- Eulerian multiphase modeling --- proppant transport mechanism --- equilibrium height prediction model --- adaptive filtering --- complex noise canceling --- electromagnetic telemetry --- multifractured horizontal wells --- production analysis --- irregular stimulated region --- natural gas hydrate --- seismic modeling --- fractional derivatives --- gas geochemical characteristics --- noble gas --- shale gas evolution --- Large Igneous Province (LIP) --- gas loss --- geological structure --- gas controlling pattern --- neutral surface --- tectonic movement --- Bumu region --- seismic interpretation --- depositional environments characteristics --- Wheeler diagram --- seismic attributes --- heterogeneous sequence --- sample size --- neutron scattering --- mercury injection capillary pressure --- adsorption --- shale --- junggar basin --- hong-che fault zone --- carboniferous --- volcanic reservoir --- main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation --- fracture --- vug --- micro CT --- carbonate --- wave velocity --- amorphous SiO2 --- X-ray diffraction --- X-ray fluorescence spectrometry --- scanning electron microscope --- quantitative analysis --- void ratio --- FEM --- ABAQUS --- matrix porosity --- kerogen porosity --- water saturation --- gas hydrate --- saturation --- deep learning --- recurrent neural network --- molecular simulation --- enhanced oil recovery --- methane --- shale petroleum --- technological development --- patent --- network analysis --- imbibition --- osmosis --- unconventional formations --- EOR --- water flooding