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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

neuroendocrine prostate cancer --- castration-resistant prostate cancer --- androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) --- new therapy --- treatment resistance

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Karl Bonhoeffer war einer der bedeutendsten deutschen Neurologen und Psychiater des 20. Jahrhunderts. Sein Sohn, der Theologe Dietrich Bonhoeffer, beteiligte sich in seinen letzten Lebensjahren am Widerstand gegen das NS-Regime und wurde 1945 hingerichtet. Uwe Gerrens untersucht, wie der Mediziner und der Theologe auf das nationalsozialistische Programm der Zwangssterilisation und die so genannte Euthanasie reagierten. Anhand der Quellen wird deutlich, wie der Mediziner Karl Bonhoeffer als Vorsitzender des Deutschen Vereins für Psychiatrie und Klinikleiter in der Charité Verantwortung für seine Patienten übernahm und sich an deren Persönlichkeitsrechten orientierte. Der Theologe Dietrich Bonhoeffer setzte sich in einer dicht geschriebenen "Ethik" mit dieser Problematik auseinander und entwickelte eine Theorie der Verantwortungsethik und der Menschenrechte.

Euthanasia --- -Euthanasia --- -Sterilization, Eugenic --- -Castration of criminals and defectives --- Compulsory sterilization --- Eugenic sterilization --- Sterilization, Eugenic --- Sterilization of criminals and defectives --- Involuntary treatment --- Sterilization (Birth control) --- Eugenics --- Reproductive rights --- Assisted death (Euthanasia) --- Assisted dying (Euthanasia) --- Death, Assisted (Euthanasia) --- Death, Mercy --- Dying, Assisted (Euthanasia) --- Killing, Mercy --- Mercy death --- Mercy killing --- Homicide --- Medical ethics --- Assisted suicide --- Right to die --- History --- -20th century --- Moral and ethical aspects --- -History --- -Bonhoeffer, Dietrich --- -Bonhoeffer, Karl --- -Views on eugenic sterilization --- Views on euthanasia --- Views on eugenic sterilization --- Involuntary sterilization --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Bonhoeffer, Karl, --- Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, --- Ethics. --- Castration of criminals and defectives --- Bonhoeffer, D. --- Бонхёффер, Д. --- Bonkhëffer, D. --- Бонхёффер, Дитрих --- Bonkhëffer, Ditrikh --- Bonhēfers, Dītrihs

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The number of males diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa) is increasing all over the world. Most patients with early-stage PCa can be treated with appropriate therapy, such as radical prostatectomy or irradiation. On the other hand, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard systemic therapy given to patients with advanced PCa. ADT induces temporary remission, but the majority of patients (approximately 60%) eventually progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which is associated with a high mortality rate. Generally, well-differentiated PCa cells are androgen dependent, i.e., androgen receptor (AR) signalling regulates cell cycle and differentiation. The loss of AR signalling after ADT triggers androgen-independent outgrowth, generating poorly differentiated, uncontrollable PCa cells. Once PCa cells lose their sensitivity to ADT, effective therapies are limited. In the last few years, however, several new options for the treatment of CRPC have been approved, e.g., the CYP17 inhibitor, the AR antagonist, and the taxane. Despite this progress in the development of new drugs, there is a high medical need for optimizing the sequence and combination of approved drugs. Thus, the identification of predictive biomarkers may help in the context of personalized medicine to guide treatment decisions, improve clinical outcomes, and prevent unnecessary side effects. In this Special Issue Book, we focused on the cytobiology of human PCa cells and its clinical applications to develop a major step towards personalized medicine matched to the individual needs of patients with early-stage and advanced PCa and CRPC. We hope that this Special Issue Book attracts the attention of readers with expertise and interest in the cytobiology of PCa cells.

androgen receptor --- docetaxel --- cabazitaxel --- castration-resistant prostate cancer --- chemotherapy --- P-glycoprotein --- EPI-002 --- splice variant --- prostate-specific antigen --- androgen deprivation therapy --- time to PSA nadir --- fibroblasts --- prostate cancer --- androgen sensitivity --- pirfenidone --- TGFβ1 --- G1 cell cycle arrest --- fibroblast growth factor --- fibroblast growth factor receptor --- obesity --- inflammation --- immune cells --- cytokine --- high-fat diet --- KIFC1 --- docetaxel resistance --- apoptosis --- CW069 --- Caveolin-1 --- TP53-regulated inhibitor of apoptosis 1 --- tumour stroma --- tumour microenvironment --- fibroblast --- CAF --- resistance --- radiotherapy --- CCL2 --- CCL22 --- CCL5 --- migration --- LSD1 --- epigenetics --- autophagy --- abiraterone --- enzalutamide --- testosterone --- castration resistant prostate cancer --- animal model --- diet --- fat --- in vitro --- in vivo --- mouse --- AKR1C3 --- hormone-naïve prostate cancer --- immunohistochemistry --- tissue microarray --- androgen receptor dependency --- fibroblast-dependent androgen receptor activation --- n/a --- hormone-naïve prostate cancer

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In a number of European countries (e.g., Spain, Italy, France, Portugal, Slovenia, Croatia, Poland), a portion of the pig sector is aimed at the production of traditional and certified products (e.g., PDO—Protected Designation of Origin, PGI—Protected Geographical Indication). Dry-cured ham is probably the most famous traditional pork product; however, typical pork products are produced in (and exported to) many countries worldwide. The meat used for producing these high-quality delicacies needs to be suitable for seasoning and dry-curing, and these characteristics are the result of complex interactions between the animal (breed, genotype, rearing condition, feeding regime, age and weight at slaughter, etc.) and the environment, without disregarding the importance of ethical attributes such as animal welfare and the environmental impact.This Special Issue focuses on all the innovative production strategies for pigs intended for high-quality, typical productions (in term of higher sustainability of the whole production chain, improvement of animal welfare, innovative feeding and farming techniques, reduction in environmental impact, improvement in meat and fat quality, etc.), with emphasis on PDOs, PGIs, and other recognized production schemes, and it is aimed at providing new insights for a wide range of stakeholders from different countries.

altitude --- carcass quality --- meat quality --- amino acid --- fatty acid --- natural extract --- curing agents --- sausages --- Cinta Senese pig --- immunocastration --- entire male --- castration --- pig --- dry-cured ham --- Iberian pig --- extensive system --- low-protein diet --- carcass --- fatty-acid profile --- Liangshan pig --- traditional pig products --- swine --- Alentejano --- Bísaro --- Ribatejano --- dorsal subcutaneous fat --- pork quality --- lncIMF4 --- intramuscular preadipocyte --- differentiation --- autophagy --- aggression --- agonistic behavior --- darkness --- light --- mixing --- photoperiod --- regrouping --- skin lesions --- Sus scrofa --- Iberian pork --- quality standard --- qualitative analysis --- in-depth interviews --- adipose tissue --- plasma hormones --- lipogenic enzymes --- fatty acids --- animal welfare --- transport --- stress --- pigs --- pork --- solid-phase microextraction --- mass spectrometry --- aroma --- meat --- genetic marker --- ham processing --- ham quality

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The Hippo pathway is a highly dynamic cellular signaling nexus that plays central roles in multiple cell types and regulates regeneration, metabolism, and development. The Hippo pathway integrates mechanotransduction, cell polarity, inflammation, and numerous types of paracrine signaling. If not tightly regulated, dysregulated Hippo pathway signaling drives the onset and progression of a range of diseases, including fibrosis and cancer. The molecular understanding of the Hippo pathway is rapidly evolving. This Special Issue contains ten articles contributed by established and up-and-coming Hippo pathway experts that, as a whole, provides an up-to-date overview of how dysregulated Hippo pathway activity is a common driver of specific diseases. The articles have a particular focus on the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms that cause the Hippo pathway to go awry, and especially how this drives disease. The articles analyze disease-specific as well as common themes, which provides valuable insights into the fundamental molecular mechanisms in the dysfunctioning Hippo pathway, and thereby offer practical insights into potential future therapeutic intervention strategies.

STRIPAK --- skin cancer --- n/a --- Lats2 --- transcription --- myofibroblast --- epigenetic --- Hippo --- cancer immunity --- TAZ --- Taz --- TAZ (transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif) --- adaptive immunity --- fibroblasts --- innate immunity --- LATS --- MST (mammalian STE20-like protein kinase) --- phosphorylation --- stem cells --- wound healing --- signal transduction --- angiogenesis --- LATS1/2 --- EMT --- protein-protein interactions --- structure biology --- Hippo pathway --- hippo pathway --- autoimmunity --- Mps one binder --- YAP/TAZ --- GPCR --- fibrosis --- MST1/2 --- YAP (yes-associated protein) --- YAP --- Yap --- protein kinase --- LATS (large tumor suppressor kinase) --- peripheral nerve sheath tumor --- signal cross-talk --- stem cell --- skin development --- STK38 --- tumorigenesis --- NDR --- schwannoma --- G protein-coupled receptor --- anti-cancer therapy --- feedback loops --- vascular mimicry --- castration resistance --- chromatin --- Hippo signalling --- ECM --- MST --- prostate cancer --- TEAD --- cancer --- zebrafish