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On considère souvent que le xixe siècle a vu la naissance de la « civilisation du journal ». C’est ignorer l’importance quantitative et qualitative de la presse périodique du xviiie siècle et les études importantes qui lui ont été consacrées depuis une trentaine d’années. Cet ouvrage entend montrer que non seulement les journaux du xviiie siècle n’étaient pas prisonniers de pratiques archaïques et sclérosées, mais qu’ils présentaient des traits d’une modernité qui les rend aujourd’hui plus pertinents à certains égards que ceux du siècle suivant. En effet, tandis que de nos jours le modèle du grand quotidien d’information, produit à grands frais par de nombreux journalistes et reporters, semble péricliter, un modèle plus ancien s’impose à nouveau – sur Internet notamment : celui de la petite entreprise animée par une équipe réduite, qui recueille et habille des informations produites par d’autres et fait appel à une communauté de contributeurs bénévoles. Les études rassemblées dans ce livre proposent, à travers des exemples tirés de la presse anglaise, française et espagnole, une exploration originale des nouvelles formes journalistiques qui émergent alors, du courrier des lecteurs à la rubrique nécro­logique, tandis qu’apparaissent les premières « campagnes de presse », dont la querelle très médiatisée entre Rousseau et Voltaire.

History --- presse --- histoire de la presse --- presse du XVIIIe siècle --- lettre au rédacteur --- courrier des lecteurs --- nécrologie --- querelle Voltaire-Rousseau --- Voltaire --- Rousseau --- Monthly Review --- Critical Review --- Correo literario de Murcia --- La Quotidienne

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Early Modern Russian Letters: Texts and Contexts brings together twenty essays by Marcus C. Levitt, a leading scholar of eighteenth-century Russian literature. The essays address a spectrum of works and issues that shaped the development of modern Russian literature, from authorship and philosophy to gender and religion in Russian Enlightenment culture. The first part of the collection explores the career and works of Alexander Sumarokov, who played a formative role in literary life of his day. In the essays of the second part Levitt argues that the Enlightenment's privileging of vision played an especially important role in eighteenth-century Russian self-image, and that its "occularcentrism" was profoundly shaped by Orthodox religious views. Early Modern Russian Letters offers a series of original and provocative explorations of a vital but little studied period.

Russian literature --- History and criticism. --- Sumarokov, Aleksandr Petrovich, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Soumarokove, Alexander, --- Sumarokov, A. P. --- Сумароков, Александр Петрович, --- History --- Literary Criticism --- Moscow --- Russia --- Saint Petersburg --- Voltaire

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In view of the challenges—many of which are political—that different European countries are currently facing, scholars who work on the eighteenth century have compiled this anthology which includes earlier recognitions of common values and past considerations of questions which often remain pertinent nowadays. During the Enlightenment, many men and women of letters envisaged the continent’s future in particular when stressing their hope that peace could be secured in Europe. The texts gathered here, and signed by major thinkers of the time (Rousseau, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Kant, Hume or Staël for instance), as well as by writers history has forgotten, present the reflections, with a couple of chronological extensions (from Sully to Victor Hugo) of authors from the long eighteenth century—the French Empire and the fall of Napoleon generated numerous upheavals—on Europe, its history, its diversity, but also on what the nations, which, in all their diversity, make up a geographical unit, have in common. They show the historical origins of the project of a European union, the desire to consolidate the continent’s ties to the Maghreb or to Turkey, the importance granted to commerce and the worries engendered by history’s convulsions, but also the hope vested in future generations.

Politics & government --- gemeinsame werte --- europa --- anthology --- frieden --- enlightenment --- peace --- europäische union --- aufklärung --- hume --- anthologie --- european union --- rousseau --- voltaire --- kant --- europe --- common values --- Deutschland --- Frankreich --- Gallica --- Spanien --- Enlightenment

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Inspired by Voltaire’s advice that a text needs to be concise to have real influence, this anthology contains fiery extracts by forty eighteenth-century authors, from the most famous philosophers of the age to those whose brilliant writings are less well-known. These passages are immensely diverse in style and topic, but all have in common a passionate commitment to equality, freedom, and tolerance. Each text resonates powerfully with the issues our world faces today. Tolerance was first published by the Société française d’étude du dix-huitième siècle (the French Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies) in the wake of the Charlie Hebdo assassinations in January 2015 as an act of solidarity and as a response to the surge of interest in Enlightenment values. With the support of the British Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies, it has now been translated by over 100 students and tutors of French at Oxford University.

Enlightenment --- Toleration. --- Philosophy, French --- France --- Intellectual life --- Bigotry --- Intolerance --- Tolerance --- Virtues --- Discrimination --- anthology --- enlightenment --- tolerance --- freedom --- philosophers --- equality --- Denis Diderot --- God --- Jean-Jacques Rousseau --- Voltaire --- Enlightenment. --- Intellectual life. --- PHILOSOPHY --- Philosophy, French. --- General. --- 1700 - 1799. --- France. --- Philosophy

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Face aux défis - entre autres politiques - auxquels sont confrontés différents pays européens, les chercheurs dix-huitiémistes ont souhaité revenir sur des expressions anciennes de valeurs partagées et les interrogations passées sur des questions qui restent souvent d’actualité. Au Siècle des Lumières, nombre d’hommes et de femmes de lettres ont envisagé l’avenir du continent en particulier pour entériner leur souhait de garantir la paix en Europe. Les textes, réunis dans cette anthologie, et signés des grands écrivains du temps (Rousseau, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Kant, Hume ou encore Staël), comme d’oubliés de l’histoire, présentent, avec quelques excursus chronologiques (de Sully à Hugo) les réflexions de penseurs d’un dix-huitième siècle aux bornes chronologiques étendues - l’émergence et la chute de l’Empire engendrent des bouleversements nombreux -, sur l’Europe, son histoire, sa diversité, mais aussi sur ce qu’ont en commun les nations qui composent, dans leur variété, un ensemble géographique. Ils mettent en évidence les origines historiques d’un projet d’union européenne, le souhait de consolider les liens du continent avec le Maghreb ou la Turquie, l’importance accordée au commerce et les inquiétudes suscitées par les sursauts de l’histoire, mais aussi l’espoir placé dans les générations futures.

Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- History of civilization --- anno 1700-1799 --- Europe --- Political culture --- Enlightenment --- History --- Influence. --- Intellectual life --- Aufklärung --- Eighteenth century --- Philosophy, Modern --- Rationalism --- Culture --- Political science --- Enlightenment. --- siècle des lumières --- age of enlightenment --- peace --- hume --- anthologie --- european union --- rousseau --- voltaire --- paix --- kant --- union européenne --- europe