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Genetic diversity is one of the measures of biodiversity and has consequences in biological variation. It is crucial to understand the evolutionary and adaptative processes in all living species. This book is an interdisciplinary and integrated work that will contribute to the knowledge of academics from different areas of biological sciences. This collection of scientific papers was chosen and analyzed to offer readers a broad and integrated view of the importance of genetic diversity in the evolution and adaptation of living beings, as well as practical applications of the information needed to analyze this diversity in different organisms. This book was edited by geneticist researchers and provides academics with up-to-date and quality information on the subject.
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This book concerns the signatures left behind in chromosomes by the forces that drive DNA code evolution in the form of DNA nucleotide substitutions. Since the genetic code predetermines the molecular basis of life, it could have been about any aspect of biology. As it happens, it is largely about recent adaptation of pathogens and their human host. Nine chapters are medically oriented, two are bioinformatics-oriented and one is technological, describing the state of the art in synthetic point mutagenesis. What stands out in this book is the increasing rate at which DNA data has been amassed in the course of the past decade and how knowledge in this vibrant research field is currently being translated in the medical world.
Mutation (Biology) --- Genetics --- Variation (Biology) --- Medical genetics
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This is a selection of the Emission Scenario Document (ESDs) and Guidance documents related to ESDs. OECD has been working mainly on environmental exposure assessment for more than 10 years by developing a series of Emission Scenario Documents (ESDs) and other guidance documents and tools related to exposure of chemicals to the environment.
Environment --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Biology --- Self-organizing systems --- Variation (Biology) --- Biological fitness --- Genetics --- Environmental adaptation --- Adaptation, Environmental
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Ce rapport est le troisième examen environnemental des Pays-Bas. Il évalue les progrès accomplis par les Pays-Bas en termes de développement durable et de croissance verte, avec un accent particulier sur la mobilité durable et la gestion des déchets et des matières. Les examens environnementaux de l’OCDE sont des évaluations indépendantes des progrès accomplis par les pays pour tenir leurs engagements environnementaux nationaux et internationaux. Ces examens ont pour objectif de favoriser les échanges de bonnes pratiques et l’apprentissage entre pairs, d’aider les gouvernements à rendre compte de leurs politiques auprès des autres pays et de l’opinion publique et d’améliorer la performance environnementale, individuelle et collective, des pays. Les analyses s’appuient sur un large éventail de données économiques et environnementales et contiennent également des recommandations de politique publique. Au cours de chaque cycle d’examens environnementaux, l’OCDE passe en revue l’ensemble de ses pays membres ainsi que certains pays partenaires. Les derniers pays examinés sont la Pologne (2015), l’Espagne (2015) et le Brésil (2015)
Adaptation (Biology) --- Environment --- Biology --- Self-organizing systems --- Variation (Biology) --- Biological fitness --- Genetics --- Environmental adaptation --- Adaptation, Environmental
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Analysis of Genetic Variation in Animals includes chapters revealing the magnitude of genetic variation existing in animal populations. The genetic diversity between and within populations displayed by molecular markers receive extensive interest due to the usefulness of this information in breeding and conservation programs. In this concept molecular markers give valuable information. The increasing availability of PCR-based molecular markers allows the detailed analyses and evaluation of genetic diversity in animals and also, the detection of genes influencing economically important traits. The purpose of the book is to provide a glimpse into the dynamic process of genetic variation in animals by presenting the thoughts of scientists who are engaged in the generation of new idea and techniques employed for the assessment of genetic diversity, often from very different perspectives. The book should prove useful to students, researchers, and experts in the area of conservation biology, genetic diversity, and molecular biology.
Variation (Biology) --- Biological variation --- Biology --- Heredity --- Genetics --- Mutation (Biology) --- Medical genetics
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Genetics. --- Biology --- Embryology --- Mendel's law --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Breeding --- Chromosomes --- Heredity --- Mutation (Biology) --- Variation (Biology)
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basic genetics --- applied genetics --- Genetics --- Genetics. --- Biology --- Embryology --- Mendel's law --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Breeding --- Chromosomes --- Heredity --- Mutation (Biology) --- Variation (Biology)
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Humans are depended on crops for food, fibber and more recently for fuel. Demands for crop production in rising because of increasing population, change in food habits and biofuel consumption. The book focus on challenges, progress and prospects of crop production. It comprises of vast array of topics including latest agronomics practices for different crops to enhance productivity, mitigate the challenges imposed by climate change, improve water use efficiency, factors controlling dormancy, optimum use of fertilizers etc. This volume will serve as an excellent resource for students and researchers interested and working in the area of sustainable crop production.
Genetics. --- Biology --- Embryology --- Mendel's law --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Breeding --- Chromosomes --- Heredity --- Mutation (Biology) --- Variation (Biology) --- Genetics (non-medical)
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Food security emerged as an issue in the first decade of the 21st Century, questioning the sustainability of the human race, which is inevitably related directly to the agricultural water management that has multifaceted dimensions and requires interdisciplinary expertise in order to be dealt with. The purpose of this book is to bring together and integrate the subject matter that deals with the equity, profitability and irrigation water pricing; modelling, monitoring and assessment techniques; sustainable irrigation development and management, and strategies for irrigation water supply and conservation in a single text. The book is divided into four sections and is intended to be a comprehensive reference for students, professionals and researchers working on various aspects of agricultural water management. The book seeks its impact from the diverse nature of content revealing situations from different continents (Australia, USA, Asia, Europe and Africa). Various case studies have been discussed in the chapters to present a general scenario of the problem, perspective and challenges of irrigation water use.
Genetics. --- Biology --- Embryology --- Mendel's law --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Breeding --- Chromosomes --- Heredity --- Mutation (Biology) --- Variation (Biology) --- Genetics (non-medical)
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Cette Ligne directrice décrit des essais in vitro d’activation transcriptionnelle faisant intervenir le récepteur à androgène (ARTA) pour la détection de l’activité androgénique agoniste et antagoniste. Ces essais ARTA sont mécanistiquement et fonctionnellement similaires et génèrent des informations sur l’activation transcriptionnelle d’un gène rapporteur suite à la liaison entre le produit chimique testé et le récepteur à androgène. Les lignées cellulaires utilisées dans ces essais expriment le récepteur à androgène et ont été transfectées de façon stable par un gène rapporteur de la luciférase lié à l’activation du récepteur à androgène ; ces lignées cellulaires sont utilisées pour identifier les produits chimiques qui activent (agonistes) ou inhibent (antagonistes) la transcription du récepteur à androgène. Certains produits chimiques peuvent, en fonction du type de lignée cellulaire, montrer à la fois une activité agoniste et antagoniste, et sont connus comme modulateurs sélectifs du récepteur à androgène. Le récepteur à androgène est activé suite à la liaison du produit chimique ; une fois cette liaison établie, le complexe récepteur-ligand subit une translocation vers le noyau où il se fixe à certains éléments de réponse de l’ADN et transactive le gène rapporteur de la luciférase, induisant une augmentation de l’expression cellulaire de l’enzyme luciférase. La luciférine est un substrat transformé par l’enzyme luciférase en produit bioluminescent mesurable quantitativement par un luminomètre. Les systèmes d’essai proposés dans cette Ligne directrice utilisent les lignées cellulaires AR-EcoScreenTM, AR-CALUX®, et 22Rv1/MMTV_GR-KO.
Chemical tests and reagents. --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Environment --- Biology --- Self-organizing systems --- Variation (Biology) --- Biological fitness --- Genetics --- Chemical reagents --- Reagents, Chemical --- Indicators and test-papers --- Environmental adaptation --- Adaptation, Environmental
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