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Book
Water Flow, Solute and Heat Transfer in Groundwater
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Groundwater is an essential and vital water resource for drinking water production, agricultural irrigation, and industrial processes. Having a better understanding of physical and chemical processes in aquifers enables more reliable decisions and reduces investments concerning water management. This Special Issue on “Water Flow, Solute, and Heat Transfer, in Groundwater” of Water focuses on the recent advances in groundwater dynamics, and it includes high-quality papers that cover a wide range of issues on different aspects related to groundwater: protection from contamination, recharge, heat transfer, hydraulic parameters estimation, well hydraulics, microbial community, colloid transport, and mathematical models. This integrative volume aims to transfer knowledge to hydrologists, hydraulic engineers, and water resources planners, who are engaged in the sustainable development of groundwater resources.

Keywords

artificial ground freezing method --- groundwater flow --- temperature field --- freezing wall --- effective hydraulic conductivity --- fractured media --- gravitational force --- numerical method --- rock penetration --- colloid size --- colloid transport --- underground water-sealed oil storage cavern --- seawater intrusion --- island tidal environment --- vertical water curtain system --- multi-physical field coupling --- scenario-based projections --- HYDRUS 1-D --- aridity index --- water balance --- grassland --- root water stress --- groundwater protection --- wellhead protection area (WHPA) --- uncertainty analysis --- soil moisture --- groundwater recharge --- evapotranspiration --- vadose zone --- soil hydraulic property --- climate --- NAPL --- volume averaging --- upscaling --- mass transfer --- fractured aquitard --- groundwater pollution --- microbial community’s diversity --- dehalogenation --- tribromoneopentyl alcohol --- 1-bromo-1-chloroethane --- geothermal water reservoir --- well spacing --- direct geothermal district heating system --- indirect geothermal district heating system --- multiobjective optimization --- technical and economic evaluation --- Richards’-equation --- simulation --- algebraic multigrid --- preconditioner --- residual saturation --- porous media --- permeability --- entrapped air --- two-phase flow --- ascending relief well --- groundwater --- seepage --- sand-tank --- modeling --- Dupuit formula --- Dupuit-Thiem formula --- porous and fractured media --- contaminant transport --- heat transfer --- parameters --- colloids --- microbial community --- field and laboratory studies --- mathematical modeling


Book
Use of Water Stable Isotopes in Hydrological Process
Authors: ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Stable and radioactive isotopes in water are powerful tools in the tracking of the path of water molecules through the whole water cycle. In the last decade, a considerable number of studies have been published on the use of water isotopes, and their number is ever-growing. The main reason is the development of new measurement techniques (i.e., laser absorption spectroscopy) that allow measurements of stable isotope ratios at ever-higher resolutions. Therefore, this compilation of papers has been published to address the current state-of-the-art water isotope methods, applications, and interpretations of hydrological processes, and to contribute to the rapidly growing repository of isotope data, which is important for future water resource management. We are pleased to present here a book with new findings in thirteen original research papers and one review paper issued in the Water MDPI Special Issue (SI) “Use of Water Isotopes in Hydrological Processes”. The authors report the use of water isotopes in hydrological processes worldwide, including studies at both local and regional scales related to either precipitation dynamics or to different applications of water isotopes in combination with other hydrochemical parameters in investigations of surface water, snowmelt, soil water, groundwater and xylem water to identify the hydrological and geochemical processes.

Keywords

precipitation --- stable isotope ratios --- local meteoric water line --- amount-weighted mean --- linear regression --- confidence --- prediction and generalized intervals --- stable isotopes D and 18O --- moisture source --- temperature effect --- precipitation amount effect --- regionalization --- China --- oxygen isotopes --- sulfur isotopes --- isotopic composition of water --- bacterial sulfate reduction --- sulfide oxidation --- atmospheric sulfate --- peatland --- unconfined aquifer --- mineralization of organic matter --- isotopic techniques --- water isotopic signature --- 3H- and 14C-dating --- saltwater intrusion --- Red River’s delta --- Vietnam --- Sutri Dhaka --- Chandra Basin --- Western Himalaya --- hydrograph separation --- stable water isotope --- specific ablation --- stable isotopes --- HYSPLIT model --- MWL validation --- karstic springs --- spatial variations --- Naqu River basin --- Qinghai–Tibet Plateau --- stable water isotopes --- hydrogen --- oxygen --- soil water --- fine root system --- groundwater --- isotope hydrology --- stable nitrate isotopes --- Zagreb --- Croatia --- 2H/1H and 18O/16O --- deuterium excess --- δ18O–temperature relation --- tritium --- self-organizing map --- radon --- major ions --- alluvial fan --- paddy rice field --- deuterium and oxygen-18 --- hydrogeological conceptual model --- alluvial aquifer --- Varaždin area --- δ2H --- inverse modeling --- vadose zone --- sensitivity analysis --- soil hydraulic parameters estimation --- groundwater recharge --- d-excess --- elevation effect --- altitude effect --- continental effect --- Slovenia --- Hungary --- water cycle --- measurement traceability --- precipitation (rain and snow) --- surface water --- water management --- networks and data bases --- statistical evaluation

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