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This book, generated by the creation of a database on the population of enterprises and their characteristics, illustrates the process of development of the Arezzo gold and jewellery system. It is a significant case in view of its international prestige and the use of highly specialized manpower, and at the same time interesting in terms of type, since it represents an emerging district produced by gemmation from a large enterprise. The analysis offers insight into the process of district development and a methodological support for further investigations. At the same time, it also represents a tool for an understanding of the long-term economic dynamics characterizing one of the most vital productive areas of Tuscany.

Gold industry --- Business & Economics --- Industries --- Nonferrous metal industries --- economy --- toscana --- economia --- tuscany

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Law --- History --- Florence (Italy) --- Tuscany (Italy) --- Historiography. --- Politics and government --- Territorial expansion

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To celebrate the 270th anniversary of the De Gruyter publishing house, the company is providing permanent open access to 270 selected treasures from the De Gruyter Book Archive. Titles will be made available to anyone, anywhere at any time that might be interested. The DGBA project seeks to digitize the entire backlist of titles published since 1749 to ensure that future generations have digital access to the high-quality primary sources that De Gruyter has published over the centuries.

Merchants --- Italian literature --- Intellectual life --- History and criticism --- Florence (Italy) --- Businesspeople --- Florent︠s︡ii︠a︡ (Italy) --- Firenze (Italy) --- Florencia (Italy) --- Florença (Italy) --- Florenz (Italy) --- Florentia (Italy) --- Forence (Tuscany) --- Florence (Tuscany) --- Commerce --- History and criticism.

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In a perspective of local history that combines problem analysis with a reconstruction accessible even to non-specialists, this book addresses the economy, society and institutions of a rural community of the Tuscan Apennines. The community of Raggiolo is portrayed over a long span of time ranging from the late centuries of the Middle Ages up to the end of the eighteenth century. We are thus offered a picture of the Casentino mountains which reveals - in the centuries-old intertwining of mountain economy, social equality, sharing of the management of the local administration and the goods belonging to the collectivity - one of the main reasons for the resistance to change which was to mark the end of the ancien regime. In una prospettiva di storia locale che intreccia l'analisi problematica alla ricostruzione accessibile anche ai non specialisti, il volume studia economia, società, istituzioni di una comunità rurale dell'Appennino toscano. La comunità di Raggiolo viene colta in una lunga durata che dai secoli finali del Medioevo si protrae fino alla fine del Settecento. In tal modo viene offerto un quadro della montagna casentinese che coglie nel secolare intreccio fra economia montana, eguaglianza sociale, condivisione della gestione dell'ammistrazione locale e dei beni appartenenti alla collettività, uno dei principali motivi della resistenza al cambiamento che segnerà la fine dell'antico regime.

Regions & Countries - Europe --- History & Archaeology --- Italy --- Ortignano Raggiolo (Italy) --- History. --- Raggiolo (Arezzo, Italy) --- Raggiolo in Casentino (Italy) --- medieval communities --- middle ages --- comuni medievali --- toscana --- medioevo --- tuscany

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Comment Florence la guelfe, cité industrieuse et commerciale, peut-elle résoudre son problème portuaire en bénéficiant des infrastructures et de la flotte de Pise la gibeline au XIVe siècle ? Dépassant le campanilisme historiographique, cet ouvrage interroge les relations, tour à tour houleuses et cordiales, entre deux villes ennemies sur le plan politique mais aux économies complémentaires. Ne se contentant pas d’une histoire centrée sur les marchands et les compagnies commerciales, ce livre examine le rôle crucial des institutions – en particulier de la nation et des tribunaux marchands – dans la régulation et le dynamisme de l’économie florentine. Les nations marchandes restent mal connues dans le cas florentin. Or, le cas de Pise révèle plusieurs originalités : la certification de la citoyenneté, une direction bicéphale, une loggia dans le palais-même du seigneur. De plus, la connaissance fine des finances de la nation, qui permet de reconstituer le trafic florentin, prouve que la sécurisation des échanges importe davantage que la réduction des coûts. Cette nation est ainsi le prolongement à l’étranger du tribunal de la Mercanzia florentine, amenée à gérer les conflits sur les douanes, les faillites, les représailles et à aplanir les conflits par la voie judiciaire.

History --- commerce --- droit commercial --- guelfes --- gibelins --- Florence (Italy) --- Pisa (Italy) --- Economic conditions. --- Politics and government --- Politics and government. --- Comune di Pisa (Italy) --- Portus Pisanus (Italy) --- Colonia Iulia Obsequens (Italy) --- Pisa (Tuscany) --- Florent︠s︡ii︠a︡ (Italy) --- Firenze (Italy) --- Florencia (Italy) --- Florença (Italy) --- Florenz (Italy) --- Florentia (Italy) --- Florence (Tuscany)