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Aviation --- Belgique --- België --- Colloques --- Colloquia --- Droit aérien --- Luchtrecht --- Luchtvaart --- Transports --- Vervoer --- Aeronautics, Commercial --- Law and legislation --- -Aeronautics, Commercial --- -656.7 --- #A9911A --- Air service --- Air transport --- Air transportation industry --- Air transportation system --- Civil aeronautics --- Civil aviation --- Commercial aeronautics --- Commercial aviation --- Aeronautics --- 656.7 --- Belgium --- Congresses --- Economic aspects --- Aeronautics, Commercial - Law and legislation - Belgium - Congresses --- Aeronautics, Commercial - Belgium - Congresses

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Efficient provision of transport infrastructure is critical to economic growth. The long asset lives of much transport infrastructure indicates governance through regulation, rather than through contract or public ownership. This can ensure predictability in long-term relationships whilst preserving some flexibility to deal with changes in external circumstances. The transparency created by a fully independent regulator is invaluable for ensuring sufficient investment  is forthcoming, while maintaining reasonable conditions for user access. Discussion at the Roundtable focussed on how to achieve effective independent regulation and how to reconcile independence with the legitimate control of policy by the executive part of government. Independent regulation is not seen as a universal default governance arrangement. Much of the discussion focused on when to regulate and when to rely on competition, even if imperfect, to drive efficiency. The discussions underscored that there are opportunities to improve performance significantly in the aviation, rail and road sectors, by learning from successful experience in improving governance structures in a range of countries.

Transport --- Transportation and state --- Infrastructure (Economics) --- Business & Economics --- Transportation Economics --- Government policy --- Transportation and state. --- Aeronautics, Commercial --- Transportation. --- Government policy. --- Public transportation --- Transportation --- Transportation, Primitive --- Transportation companies --- Transportation industry --- Air service --- Air transport --- Air transportation industry --- Air transportation system --- Civil aeronautics --- Civil aviation --- Commercial aeronautics --- Commercial aviation --- State and transportation --- Transportation policy --- Economic aspects --- Locomotion --- Commerce --- Communication and traffic --- Storage and moving trade --- Aeronautics

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L’efficacité des infrastructures de transport est déterminante pour la croissance économique. La longue durée de vie d’une grande partie de ces infrastructures plaide en faveur de l’adoption de la réglementation plutôt que d’un régime contractuel ou de propriété publique comme mode de gouvernance, afin d’assurer la prévisibilité et les engagements à long terme dans les relations, tout en préservant la flexibilité nécessaire pour pouvoir faire face aux changements de l’environnement extérieur Là où les infrastructures sont réglementées, la transparence que favorise l’indépendance pleine et entière du régulateur est précieuse pour assurer la suffisance des investissements, ainsi que des conditions d’accès raisonnables aux utilisateurs. Une grande partie des débats menés au cours de la Table Ronde a porté sur la marche à suivre pour mettre en place une réglementation indépendante efficace et concilier cette indépendance avec le pouvoir de contrôle dont les organes exécutifs de l’État sont légitimement investis. Une réglementation indépendante n’est pas un mode de gouvernance universel par défaut. La Table Ronde a également abordé les circonstances dans lesquelles il convient de réglementer ou de laisser à la concurrence, si imparfaite soit-elle, le soin de pousser à l’amélioration de l’efficience. Les débats ont montré aussi qu’il était possible d’améliorer de beaucoup les performances des secteurs aérien, ferroviaire et routier en prenant exemple sur les améliorations que plusieurs pays ont réussi à apporter à leurs structures de gouvernance.

Transportation and state. --- Aeronautics, Commercial --- Transportation. --- Government policy. --- Public transportation --- Transport --- Transportation --- Transportation, Primitive --- Transportation companies --- Transportation industry --- Locomotion --- Commerce --- Communication and traffic --- Storage and moving trade --- Air service --- Air transport --- Air transportation industry --- Air transportation system --- Civil aeronautics --- Civil aviation --- Commercial aeronautics --- Commercial aviation --- Aeronautics --- State and transportation --- Transportation policy --- Economic aspects --- Government policy

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An assessment of China's aerospace manufacturing capabilities and how China's participation in commercial markets and supply chains contributes to their improvement. It examines China's aviation and space manufacturing capabilities, government efforts to encourage foreign participation, transfers of foreign technology to China, the extent to which U.S. and foreign aerospace firms depend on supplies from China, and their implications for U.S. security interests.

Aeronautics, Commercial -- China. --- Aeronautics, Commercial -- Government policy -- China. --- Aerospace industries -- China. --- Aerospace industries -- Government policy -- China. --- Artificial satellites -- China. --- Aerospace industries --- Aeronautics, Commercial --- Artificial satellites --- Business & Economics --- Industries --- Government policy --- China --- United States --- Foreign economic relations --- Earth satellites --- Orbiting vehicles --- Satellite vehicles --- Satellites, Artificial --- Air service --- Air transport --- Air transportation industry --- Air transportation system --- Civil aeronautics --- Civil aviation --- Commercial aeronautics --- Commercial aviation --- Space vehicles --- Anti-satellite weapons --- Aeronautics --- E-books

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In a rapidly changing world, it is necessary to increase the engagement of local authorities and stakeholders to make urban mobility cleaner and more sustainable. The best way is to combine great ideas and innovative measures with political support. This Special Issue consists of six articles analyzing the impact of SUMPs. Innovative measures have been proposed to change urban transport systems towards sustainability: Chinese research has analyzed the tourist flow of Tibet using innovative technologies: mobile phone data, visualizations using GIS, and social networks. Lithuanian authors proposed three autonomous car travel development concepts that should become a conceptual tool in the development of ITS and C-ITS. An English scientific paper is based on a review of local transport policy documents from 13 cities in four countries. Most cities seek to reduce car travel as a proportion of trips. Experience from Slovenia shows that the comprehensive traffic calming approach has positive effects and contributes to achieving sustainable mobility. Korean researchers used the GINI coefficient to evaluate the bus system to identify bus nodes in order of importance. The last article described that multicriteria decision-making methods have been successfully used for assessing the effectiveness of sustainable transport systems, and a universal evaluation model was proposed.

sustainable urban mobility --- SUMP --- mobility measures --- multicriteria decision making methods --- MCDM --- bus transportation system --- urban infrastructure --- network growth --- Gini coefficient --- complex systems --- comprehensive traffic calming --- active mobility --- travel behaviour --- quality of life --- traffic safety --- sustainable urban mobility planning --- sustainable urban mobility plan --- policy --- problematisation --- local transport --- mobility plan --- Sweden --- Great Britain --- Netherlands --- Germany --- development --- autonomous cars --- ITS and C-ITS --- public infrastructure --- Kendall method --- pattern --- social network analysis --- tourist flow --- visualization --- Tibet