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In this book, stagnation flows on a catalytic porous plate is modeled one-dimensionally coupled with multi-step surface reaction mechanisms and molecular transport (diffusion and conduction) in the flow field and in the porous catalyst. Internal and external mass transfer limitations as well as possible reaction routes in the catalyst are investigated for CO oxidation, WGS reaction, partial and steam reforming of methane over Rh/Al?O?.

Heterogeneous catalysis --- Stofftransportlimitierungen --- Reaktion-DiffusionStagnation-flow reactor --- Staupunktreaktor --- Reaction-Diffusion --- Heterogenen Katalyse --- External and internal mass transfer limitation

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“Symmetry Breaking in Cells and Tissues” presents a collection of seventeen reviews, opinions and original research papers contributed by theoreticians, physicists and mathematicians, as well as experimental biologists, united by a common interest in biological pattern formation and morphogenesis. The contributors discuss diverse manifestations of symmetry breaking in biology and showcase recent developments in experimental and theoretical approaches to biological morphogenesis and pattern formation on multiple scales.

actin waves --- curved proteins --- dynamic instability --- podosomes --- diffusion --- cell polarity --- Cdc42 --- stress --- cellular memory --- phase separation --- prions --- apoptotic extrusion --- oncogenic extrusion --- contractility --- actomyosin --- bottom-up synthetic biology --- motor proteins --- pattern formation --- self-organization --- cell motility --- signal transduction --- actin dynamics --- intracellular waves --- polarization --- direction sensing --- symmetry-breaking --- biphasic responses --- reaction-diffusion --- membrane and cortical tension --- cell fusion --- cortexillin --- cytokinesis --- Dictyostelium --- myosin --- symmetry breaking --- cytoplasmic flow --- phase-space analysis --- nonlinear waves --- actin polymerization --- bifurcation theory --- mass conservation --- spatial localization --- activator–inhibitor models --- developmental transitions --- cell polarization --- mathematical model --- fission yeast --- reaction–diffusion model --- small GTPases --- Cdc42 oscillations --- pseudopod --- Ras activation --- cytoskeleton --- chemotaxis --- neutrophils --- natural variation --- modelling --- activator-substrate mechanism --- mass-conserved models --- intracellular polarization --- partial differential equations --- sensitivity analysis --- GTPase activating protein (GAP) --- fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe --- CRY2-CIBN --- optogenetics --- clustering --- positive feedback --- network evolution --- Saccharomyces cerevisiae --- polarity --- modularity --- neutrality --- n/a

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This book is focused on fractional order systems. Historically, fractional calculus has been recognized since the inception of regular calculus, with the first written reference dated in September 1695 in a letter from Leibniz to L’Hospital. Nowadays, fractional calculus has a wide area of applications in areas such as physics, chemistry, bioengineering, chaos theory, control systems engineering, and many others. In all those applications, we deal with fractional order systems in general. Moreover, fractional calculus plays an important role even in complex systems and therefore allows us to develop better descriptions of real-world phenomena. On that basis, fractional order systems are ubiquitous, as the whole real world around us is fractional. Due to this reason, it is urgent to consider almost all systems as fractional order systems.

complexity --- cuckoo search --- magnetic resonance imaging --- fractional calculus --- musical signal --- pinning synchronization --- Fourier transform --- optimal randomness --- fractional-order system --- Mittag-Leffler function --- meaning --- parameter --- diffusion-wave equation --- anomalous diffusion --- Laplace transform --- time-varying delays --- mass absorption --- swarm-based search --- fractional --- adaptive control --- time series --- Hurst exponent --- fractional derivative --- control --- PID --- global optimization --- reaction–diffusion terms --- audio signal processing --- Caputo derivative --- harmonic impact --- fractional complex networks --- heavy-tailed distribution --- impulses --- long memory --- linear prediction

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This Special Issue presents selected papers from the 8th

stretchable electronic device --- Cu-Ni alloy --- n/a --- bioremediation --- flexible electronic device --- microfluidic device --- tactile sensor --- self-organization --- stretchability --- origami --- flexible device --- pH indicator --- additive manufacturing --- fatigue --- Nafion --- Game of Life --- MEMS --- micropatterns --- stretchable elastomer --- microcantilever --- wearable --- polydimethylsiloxane --- reaction-diffusion system --- capacitive force sensor --- slipping detection --- microfabrication --- alginate hydrogel --- microfluidics --- shape from silhouette --- artificial cochlea --- micro/nano technology --- ion concentration polarization --- thermoelectric generator --- ultraviolet treatment --- micro-stereolithography --- proximity sensor --- blink --- 3D shape reconstruction --- reductive sintering --- cellular automata --- crack configuration --- Young model --- transparent object --- femtosecond laser --- piezoelectric material --- Turing pattern model --- microtubes --- thermoelectric film --- luciferin–luciferase assay --- fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) --- printing --- triple-coaxial flow --- photopolymer --- metal conductive track --- ion depletion zone --- sensors --- microbes --- direct writing --- outer hair cell --- dye-sensitized photovoltaic cells --- microfiber spinning --- ATP --- 3D printing --- parasitic capacitance --- luciferin-luciferase assay

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The crystal chemistry of spin crossover (SCO) behavior in coordination compounds can potentially be in association with smart materials—promising materials for applications as components of memory devices, displays, sensors and mechanical devices and, especially, actuators, such as artificial muscles. This Special Issue is devoted to various aspects of SCO and related research, comprising 18 interesting original papers on valuable and important SCO topics. Significant and fundamental scientific attention has been focused on the SCO phenomena in a wide research range of fields of fundamental chemical and physical and related sciences, containing the interdisciplinary regions of chemical and physical sciences related to the SCO phenomena. Coordination materials with bistable systems between the LS and the HS states are usually triggered by external stimuli, such as temperature, light, pressure, guest molecule inclusion, soft X-ray, and nuclear decay. Since the first Hofmann-like spin crossover (SCO) behavior in {Fe(py)2[Ni(CN)4]}n (py = pyridine) was demonstrated, this crystal chemistry motif has been frequently used to design Fe(II) SCO materials to enable determination of the correlations between structural features and magnetic properties.

n/a --- hexadentate ligand --- X-ray diffraction --- structural disorder --- lattice energy --- 2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane --- thermal hysteresis --- optical conductivity spectrum --- spin-state crossover --- solvate --- single crystal --- spin-crossover transition --- spin-crossover --- cobalt oxide --- amorphous --- metal dithiolene complexes --- qsal ligand --- impurity effect --- 3-triazole --- intermolecular interactions --- spin crossover --- hydrogen bonding --- 1 --- 2 --- optical microscopy --- supramolecular coordination polymer --- paramagnetic ligand --- magnetic susceptibility --- high spin --- [Fe(III)(3-OMesal2-trien)]+ --- aminoxyl --- cobalt(II) ion --- mosaicity --- Fe(III) coordination complexes --- nitroxides --- C–H···? interactions --- Fe(II) --- dithiooxalato ligand --- dinuclear triple helicate --- coordination polymers --- magnetization --- spiral structure --- magnetostructural correlations --- charge-transfer phase transition --- structure phase transition --- magnetic properties --- spin polaron --- substitution of 3d transition metal ion --- iron(II) complexes --- X-ray absorption spectroscopy --- coordination complexes --- crystal engineering --- fatigability --- soft X-ray induced excited spin state trapping --- spin transition --- dipyridyl-N-alkylamine ligands --- coordination polymer --- iron (II) --- iron mixed-valence complex --- chiral propeller structure --- spin cross-over (SCO) --- EPR spectroscopy --- Cu(II) complexes --- solvent effects --- ferromagnetism --- SQUID --- LIESST effect --- low spin (LS) --- 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy --- dielectric response --- iron(II) --- hetero metal complex --- atropisomerism --- switch --- Schiff base --- counter-anion --- DFT calculation --- Fe(III) complex --- Fe(II) complex --- high spin (HS) --- reaction diffusion --- thermochromism --- supramolecular isomerism --- phase transition --- magnetic transition --- mononuclear --- [Au(dmit)2]? --- UV-Vis spectroscopy --- phase transitions --- ?-? interactions --- [Au(dddt)2]? --- crystal structure --- linear pentadentate ligand --- ion-pair crystals --- C-H···? interactions --- 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy