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Radioactive waste repositories are designed to be intrinsically safe in that they are not dependent on the presence or intervention of humans. In response to this challenge, the Nuclear Energy Agency initiated the Preservation of Records, Knowledge and Memory (RK&M) Across Generations Initiative, calling on the international community to help create specific means to preserve RK&M. The concept of a key information file (KIF) emerged in response to the challenge presented by the large volumes of RK&M material generated by national disposal programmes. This concept has been developed into an important component of a RK&M preservation strategy. The KIF is designed to be a single, short document, produced in a standard format, with the aim of allowing society to understand the nature and intent of a repository, and thus to reduce the likelihood of unnecessary human intrusion. It should be made openly available and ultimately be widely distributed. This report describes the KIF concept in detail, in a manner that should enable those concerned with any particular repository to create their own versions. Three draft key information files, currently under development to support RK&M preservation in France, Sweden and the United States, are provided as examples.

Radioactive waste repositories. --- Nuclear energy.

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Integrated performance assessments (IPAs) of radioactive waste repositories deep underground are made at different stages of repository development in order, for example, to allow full-scale development, to provide feedback to R&D, and to test and develop review capability. IPA studies must be acceptable to a wide range of stakeholders and are one of the bases for dialogue amongst regulators and implementers of disposal facilities. The goal of the IPAG-2 study was to examine the experience of regulatory reviews of IPAs, from both the implementer and regulator points of view. Ten implementer and seven regulatory organisations participated. This report presents the lessons learnt from their review experiences, and provides recommendations to aid future regulatory decision making.

Radioactive waste disposal in the ground --- Radioactive waste sites --- Dumping sites, Radioactive --- Radioactive dumping sites --- Radioactive waste disposal sites --- Radioactive waste facilities --- Hazardous waste sites --- Risk assessment --- Risk assessment. --- Geological repositories --- Radioactive waste repositories --- Nuclear waste repositories --- Deep geologic repositories --- Deep geologic disposal --- Radioactive waste sites. --- Radioactive waste repositories. --- Geological repositories. --- Geology --- Radioactivity

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Analysis of the long-term safety of radioactive waste repositories, using performance assessment and other tools, is required prior to implementation. The initial stage in developing a repository safety assessment is the identification of all factors that may be relevant to the long-term safety of the repository and their combination to form scenarios. This must be done in a systematic and transparent way in order to assure the regulatory authorities that nothing important has been forgotten. This report is a review of developments in scenario methodologies based on a large body of practical experience in safety assessments. It will be of interest to radioactive waste management experts as well as to other specialists involved in the development of scenario methodologies.

Radioactive waste disposal in the ground -- Risk assessment -- Congresses. --- Radioactive waste disposal in the ground -- Risk assessment. --- Radioactive waste disposal in the ground. --- Radioactive waste repositories -- Congresses. --- Radioactive waste repositories. --- Radioactive waste disposal in the ground --- Radioactive waste repositories --- Environmental Engineering --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Risk assessment --- Nuclear waste repositories --- Burial of radioactive wastes --- Ground radioactive waste disposal --- Underground radioactive waste disposal --- Geological repositories --- Radioactive waste sites --- Hazardous waste sites --- Waste disposal in the ground --- Radioactive Safety --- Déchets radioactifs --- Dépôts de déchets radioactifs --- Congresses --- Elimination dans le sol --- Evaluation du risque --- Congrès

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Confidence among both technical experts and the public in the safety of deep geologic repositories for radioactive waste is a key element in the successful development of the repositories. This report presents the approaches and arguments that are currently used in OECD countries to establish and communicate confidence in their safety. It evaluates the state of the art for obtaining, presenting and demonstrating confidence in long-term safety, and makes recommendations on future directions and initiatives to be taken for improving confidence.

Afval --- Kernenergie --- Stralingen --- Déchets --- Energie nucléaire --- Radiations --- Radioactive waste disposal in the ground --- Radioactive waste sites. --- Déchets radioactifs --- Dépôts de déchets radioactifs --- Risk assessment --- Elimination dans le sol --- Evaluation du risque --- Deep geologie disposal --- Radioactive waste repositories --- Radioactive waste sites --- Dumping sites, Radioactive --- Radioactive dumping sites --- Radioactive waste disposal sites --- Radioactive waste facilities --- Hazardous waste sites --- Nuclear waste repositories --- Geological repositories --- Monograph --- E-books --- Radioactive waste repositories. --- Deep geologie disposal. --- Risk assessment. --- Deep geologic disposal. --- Deep geologic waste disposal --- Deep geological disposal --- Hazardous wastes --- Waste disposal in the ground

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A general consensus has been reached among technical experts that high-level radioactive waste can safely be disposed of in deep geological repositories. Safety studies are carried out to evaluate the overall capacity of a particular disposal site to confine waste and minimise radioactive releases. Since the principal way in which radioactive elements might eventually reach the biosphere is by transport of dissolved radionuclides in groundwater, the safety study calculations must be able to estimate their rate of transfer through each of the barriers surrounding the repository. It is well known that, for many radioelements, sorption reactions can lead to a reduction of the amount of radionuclides present in the solution phase. How best to take radionuclide sorption reactions into account in repository performance assessment models is the subject of this book.

Radioactive waste disposal in the ground. --- Radioactive waste management. --- Radioactive waste. --- Radioactive waste disposal in the ground --- Environmental Engineering --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Burial of radioactive wastes --- Ground radioactive waste disposal --- Underground radioactive waste disposal --- Hazardous waste sites --- Waste disposal in the ground --- Radioactive waste repositories --- Radioactive Waste --- Déchets radioactifs --- Elimination dans le sol